Caterpillar 988
Caterpillarwheel-type loaderwheel loader

Caterpillar 988

Maintenance schedule, common problems & OEM parts breakdown

The Caterpillar 988 is Caterpillar's original large articulated wheel-type loader, built from 1963 through the mid-to-late 1970s under the 87A serial-number prefix. It runs a Caterpillar D343 six-cylinder naturally aspirated diesel, rated 224 kW (300 hp) at introduction and rising to about 242 kW (325 hp) by 1968. Operating weight spans roughly 28,600-35,800 kg (63,000-79,000 lb) depending on bucket, cab, and counterweight configuration. Power reaches the ground through a single-lever powershift transmission and torque-converter drive, with full-frame articulated steering. Factory configurations ranged from an open canopy to a fully enclosed heated cab, 12- or 24-volt electrics, general-purpose or rock buckets, a ripper-scarifier, and a log-fork logging arrangement. The 988B replaced it as Caterpillar's next-generation large wheel loader.

Within this one production run Caterpillar grew the 988 steadily: gross horsepower climbed from 300 to 325 hp, bucket capacity expanded from a 5 cu yd (3.8 m3) standard toward 6-7 cu yd (4.6-5.4 m3) options, and a variable-capacity torque converter became standard equipment later in the build. None of that changed the core D343-and-powershift architecture, so parts and service knowledge carry across most of the run. The 988B that followed moved to an entirely different engine family, making the original 87A-prefix 988 its own distinct parts population. Today these machines survive mainly as working antiques in quarry, forestry, and scrapyard duty, or as collector pieces; parts support leans on the D343's shared history as an industrial and marine engine, and buyers price them around known-expensive wear points, engine condition, front-end pins and bushings, hydraulic pump, and tires, rather than by hour meter alone.

Below: full specifications, fluids & capacities, the factory service schedule, common service parts, verified fault codes, what owners discuss, attachment guidance, the complete assembly directory, and a serial-number reference. Complete parts lists with full OEM part numbers, exploded diagrams, quantities, and fitment data are available free in Heavy Parts AI.

Caterpillar 988 specifications

Engine

Engine modelCat D343, 6-cylinder inline naturally aspirated diesel — the original engine fitted across the base 988 production run, predecessor to the 988B
Gross power224 kW (300 hp) flywheel at introduction, later increased to about 242 kW (325 hp) as the engine and induction package were upgraded within the same production run
Displacement14.6 L (893 cu in)
Cylinders6, inline
Emissions tierNone — mechanically governed, pre-emissions diesel; this generation predates EPA/Tier nonroad emissions standards

Weights

Operating weightReported figures range roughly 28,600–35,800 kg (63,000–79,000 lb); varies by production year and configuration across the run — heavier ROPS-cab, larger-tire, bigger-bucket units trend toward the top of the range
Static tipping load (straight)Approx. 18,100 kg (40,000 lb) as published for this generation
Ground pressureNot documented in available specification sources for this generation

Dimensions

Overall lengthApprox. 8.63 m (28 ft 4 in), bumper to bucket at ground
Overall widthApprox. 2.97 m (9 ft 9 in)
Overall heightApprox. 3.71 m (12 ft 2 in) to top of exhaust stack
Wheelbase3.56 m (140 in)
Ground clearanceNot documented in available specification sources for this generation

Performance

Max travel speed34.8 km/h (21.6 mph), forward and reverse
Bucket capacityApprox. 3.8–5.4 m³ (5.0–7.0 cu yd) depending on bucket fitted — the loader launched with a 5 cu yd bucket and later bucket options grew to 6–7 cu yd within the same production run
Breakout forceApprox. 267 kN (29.5 tons)
Transmission and steeringCat power-shift transmission, single-lever shifting, torque-converter drive (a variable-capacity torque converter became standard later in the run); full-frame articulated steering

Service capacities (summary)

Fuel tankNot documented in available public specification sources for this generation — verify against your unit's serial range with a dealer or OEM archive
Hydraulic systemNot documented in available public specification sources for this generation
Engine oil (crankcase)Not documented in available public specification sources for this generation
Cooling systemNot documented in available public specification sources for this generation

Values vary by configuration, region, and serial range — confirm against your machine before planning transport or lifts.

988 fluids & capacities

SystemCapacityRecommended fluid
Engine crankcase (with filter)Not published in available sources for this original D343-powered 988 (1963-1976, pre-988B); confirm against the machine's own lubrication chart or a dealer, since later 988B/F/F II/G/H/K figures do not apply to this engine/generationCaterpillar Diesel Engine Oil, SAE grade selected by ambient temperature per the lubrication chart; change with every scheduled oil-and-filter interval
Cooling systemNot published in available sources for this generation; verify against the lubrication chart or dealerEthylene-glycol base antifreeze/coolant mixed with clean water at the ratio the lubrication chart specifies for the operating climate
Fuel tankNot published in available sources for this generation; verify against the lubrication chart or dealerNo. 2-D diesel fuel, or a winter-grade/No. 1-D blend in cold climates, per the lubrication chart
Transmission and torque converter (power shift)Not published in available sources for this generation; verify against the lubrication chart or dealerCaterpillar Transmission/Drive Train Oil (TDTO-type), SAE grade selected by ambient temperature per the lubrication chart
Front axle (differential and final drives)Not published in available sources for this generation; varies further by differential option (standard, no-spin, or torque-proportioning) fitted; verify against the lubrication chart or dealerCaterpillar Transmission/Drive Train Oil (TDTO-type) gear oil, SAE grade selected by ambient temperature
Rear axle (differential and final drives)Not published in available sources for this generation; verify against the lubrication chart or dealerCaterpillar Transmission/Drive Train Oil (TDTO-type) gear oil, SAE grade selected by ambient temperature
Hydraulic system and tankNot published in available sources for this generation; later 988B (roughly 72 US gal / 273 L system) and newer 988-family figures are a different design and do not carry over to this original machine; verify against the lubrication chart or dealerCaterpillar hydraulic oil (HYDO-type), SAE grade selected by ambient temperature per the lubrication chart
Grease (chassis lubrication points)Spec only - no reservoir capacity; regreased at scheduled hour intervals per the lubrication chartCaterpillar multipurpose chassis grease, NLGI 2 (NLGI 1 or 0 in sub-zero climates)

Capacities are refill values from factory literature — always fill to the dipstick/sight gauge, not the number.

Caterpillar 988 maintenance schedule

Service intervalTasks
Every 10 h
  • Check engine oil level and coolant level before starting; top off with the grade specified for ambient temperature.
  • Walk the articulated frame and loader linkage and grease the frame-pivot, articulation, steering-cylinder, and bucket/tilt-lever pins.
  • Check hydraulic tank oil level and inspect lift and tilt cylinders, hoses, and fittings for leaks.
  • Drain water and sediment from the fuel tank sump; check torque converter oil level on the weekly (50-hour) round.
  • Inspect tires for cuts, wear, and correct inflation, and check wheel nuts for looseness.
  • Test gauges, warning lamps, lights, and horn at startup.
Every 250 h
  • Change engine oil and replace the engine oil filter.
  • Service the dry-type air cleaner primary element; check the restriction indicator and clean or replace as needed.
  • Check battery electrolyte level and clean and tighten terminal connections on the 24-volt system.
  • Inspect the alternator belt for tension, wear, and glazing.
  • Check front and rear axle differential and final drive oil levels.
  • Grease chassis points not covered on the daily/weekly round, including the ripper-scarifier mounting if fitted.
Every 500 h
  • Change the powershift transmission and torque converter oil, and clean or replace the transmission oil filter.
  • Change the front and rear axle differential and final drive oil.
  • Replace the primary and secondary fuel filters.
  • Check and adjust engine valve lash per the D343 service procedure.
  • Inspect hydraulic system relief-valve settings and check lift and tilt cycle times.
Every 1,000 h
  • Change the hydraulic tank oil and replace the hydraulic filter element.
  • Pull oil samples from the engine, transmission/converter, and both axles for lab analysis to track wear metals and contamination trends.
  • Inspect and adjust the service brake and parking brake linkage.
  • Inspect articulation-joint and loader-linkage pins and bushings for play; replace worn pins or bushings.
  • Check torque converter stall speed and governor linkage adjustment.
Every 2,000 h
  • Drain, flush, and refill the engine cooling system; inspect the radiator core and fan drive.
  • Pull the injection pump and injectors for inspection and calibration per the D343 fuel system procedure.
  • Open the torque converter and transmission for internal inspection if oil analysis or a slipping history flagged wear.
  • Re-torque wheel rim, axle-housing, and frame-pivot fasteners to specification.
Every 6,000 h
  • Budget for a full engine overhaul, including liners, bearings, and valve train work, once compression, oil consumption, or smoke show the bottom end is worn out; this is the single largest expense on a high-hour original 988.
  • Plan a full front-end rebuild of articulation pins, loader-arm pins, and bucket-linkage bushings once play at these joints becomes excessive; treat it as a major job, not a pin swap.
  • Rebuild or replace the lift/tilt hydraulic pump and cylinders once external leakage or slow cycle times persist after seal service.
  • Overhaul the torque converter and transmission clutch packs if overheating or slipping continues after linkage and cooler checks rule out simpler causes.
  • Price a full set of tires as a planned capital cost on any machine returning to abrasive or rocky duty.

Servicing the 988 beyond the schedule

Predictive Maintenance & Fluid Analysis

This is a pre-electronic machine, with no ECM and no fault codes, so predictive maintenance means gauges, samples, and eyes. Pull engine, powershift/converter, and front/rear axle oil samples at scheduled changes and send them for analysis; wear metals in the D343 or axle housings show up in oil long before a gauge moves. Watch the torque converter oil temperature gauge under load and the charging lamp at idle. Track air-cleaner restriction and fuel-filter condition between full services rather than waiting for a power loss.

Corrective & Common Repairs

Common faults trace to a handful of usual suspects on this generation. Apparent torque-converter slip is often a mis-adjusted or disconnected converter control linkage, not internal wear; check linkage before tearing into the converter. A no-charge lamp usually means a slipping belt, bad terminal, or failed alternator on the 24-volt system. After long storage, expect the D343 injection pump to need service before it runs clean; stuck plungers are common on idle machines. Verify the oil-pressure safety switch if the engine cranks but won't catch.

Overhaul & Rebuild Points

Engine, front end, and hydraulics are where the money goes on a high-hour original 988. A tired D343 needing liners, bearings, and valve work is the costliest rebuild on the machine. Articulation, loader-arm, and bucket-linkage pins and bushings wear out after decades of duty and demand a full front-end rebuild, not spot fixes. Budget for the lift/tilt hydraulic pump and cylinders if leakage or slow cycle times persist after reseal, and for the torque converter if overheating continues once linkage and cooler are ruled out.

Seasonal & Environment Servicing

Cold starts on the D343's indirect-injection diesel need preheat; lean on the ether starting-aid group and strong 24-volt batteries rather than prolonged cranking. Never lug this engine at low idle to save fuel in cold weather; the pre-chamber design wets out and fouls instead of burning clean. In dusty quarry or demolition work, fit the dust-guard group and service the air cleaner more often than the standard interval. This is a heavy, four-tire machine that needs solid, graded ground; soft or ungraded material lets it punch through instead of floating.

988 fault codes & troubleshooting

CodeMeaningLikely causeWhat to do
No CID/FMI code — ENGINE OIL PRESSURE warning lamp (dash, red)Oil pressure sender has tripped below the safe minimum for the D343 lubrication systemLow crankcase oil level, worn or failing oil pump, clogged suction screen or filter, or a faulty pressure switchShut down immediately, check oil level and filter condition before restarting; test the sender only after level and filter are confirmed good
No CID/FMI code — COOLANT TEMPERATURE gauge in red zoneEngine coolant temperature has climbed past the safe operating range sensed at the water manifoldLow coolant level, plugged radiator core or screen, slipping or failed fan drive, faulty thermostat, or water pump wearReduce load and idle down, then shut down and let the engine cool before checking coolant level, radiator core, fan drive, and thermostat
No CID/FMI code — TORQUE CONVERTER OIL TEMPERATURE gauge in red zone / warning lampTorque converter oil is overheating, most often from prolonged stall or high-load operationContinuous converter stall (pushing or loading against resistance), low converter oil level, plugged converter oil cooler, or worn converterEase off the load to bring the converter out of stall, idle to cool, then check converter oil level and inspect the cooler for restriction
No CID/FMI code — CHARGING SYSTEM warning lamp, or ammeter showing dischargeAlternator is not delivering charging current to the 24-volt electrical systemBroken or slipping alternator belt, failed alternator, bad voltage regulator, or a loose or corroded battery cable connectionCheck belt tension and condition first, then test alternator output and battery cable connections
No CID/FMI code — AIR CLEANER SERVICE indicator (mechanical restriction gauge)Intake air restriction across the dry-type air cleaner element has reached the service pointDirty or clogged primary air filter element, or a damaged or loose intake hose giving a false restriction readingService or replace the air cleaner element and reset the indicator; inspect intake piping for leaks or damage
No CID/FMI code — GLOW PLUG / cold-start preheat indicator lampIndicates the intake air preheat circuit is energized for cold-weather startingNormal during a cold start cycle; if the lamp fails to light or stays on, suspect a failed preheat relay, blown fuse, or open glow plug circuitAllow the normal preheat cycle to complete before cranking in cold weather; if lamp behavior is abnormal, check the preheat relay, wiring, and individual glow plugs

Codes and remedies are general guidance for this model family — always confirm with diagnostic tooling and your dealer before major repairs.

988 attachments & work tools

General-purpose and rock buckets

Pin-on general-purpose buckets for this loader span roughly 3.8-5.3 m3 (5.0-7.0 cu yd) across widths from about 2.74 m to 3.27 m (108-129 in), matching the machine's original 5 cu yd rating that grew to 6 cu yd on later production. Spade-nose rock/rock-loading buckets cover a similar 3.8-4.6 m3 (5-6 cu yd) band in heavier steel for abrasive quarry and shot-rock loading.

Cutting edges and ground-engaging wear parts

Heavy-duty and light-duty bolt-on cutting-edge kits, plus separate bit-and-cutting-edge sets, are field-installed on the bucket lip to protect the base edge and restore digging performance as it wears. These are wear items sized to bucket width rather than standalone work tools.

Ripper-scarifier attachment

A rear-mounted ripper-scarifier arrangement bolts to its own mounting group and ties into a dedicated ripper hydraulic-cylinder and lines circuit rather than the loader's standard lift/tilt hydraulics. It is used to loosen packed or frozen material ahead of loading; fitting it requires the ripper cylinder and lines hardware, not just the shank.

Log fork and logging arrangement

A front-mounted log fork pairs with a carriage-and-clamp group and its own hydraulic lines for grabbing and stacking logs. A factory logging arrangement rated to roughly 35,000 lb (15,875 kg) payload bundles the fork, a reinforced lift-cylinder arrangement, hydraulic arrangement, and added counterweight as one package for forestry/mill yard use.

Auxiliary hydraulics and field conversion kits

Base machines run two-valve hydraulics for bucket curl/lift only; a 2-valve-to-3-valve field conversion kit adds the auxiliary circuit needed for clamp-, ripper-, or grapple-type tools. Companion valve groups (auxiliary relief, internal auxiliary, external kickout, lift detent/kickout) size and protect that extra circuit and add automatic bucket-positioning or dig-detent control.

Counterweights

Frame-mounted and bumper-mounted counterweight groups are offered in a few discrete weights, roughly 500-2,900 kg (1,100-6,450 lb), to rebalance the machine when running heavier front tools such as log forks or oversized buckets. Selection depends on which front attachment and hydraulic arrangement is fitted.

Coupler and mounting method

Work tools mount on the standard twin-pin loader linkage (lift arm plus tilt lever/link) shared by every bucket and fork in this class; this generation has no hydraulic quick-coupler. Special tools such as the ripper or log fork instead bolt to their own dedicated mounting or carriage group rather than using the bucket pins.

Cab and operator-environment configurations

Factory options include an open canopy, a semi-enclosed cab conversion with side curtains, or a fully enclosed cab, plus heater, defroster-fan, and front/rear wiper groups offered in 12-volt or 24-volt versions. These are ordered to match climate and duty cycle rather than being fitted across the board.

Cold-weather and protective options

An ether starting-aid group assists cold-weather starting, and protective covers are available for the fuel-tank cap, hydraulic-tank cap, and oil-filler cap, along with a dust-guard group for dusty operating sites. These are configuration options tied to climate and application rather than core work tools.

All 988 assemblies by section

Every catalogued assembly group for the Caterpillar 988. Open an assembly to preview the parts inside — full OEM part numbers are available in Heavy Parts AI.

Attachments
5k5821--988 Ripper-Scarifier Arrangement
3S***96Film1
4S***61Ripper Lines Group1
5J***56Hydraulic Cylinder Group; Cylinder Group2
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1s2584 Alternator Assembly--24 Volt, 45 Ampere--Type 2
1s2584 Alternator Assembly--24 Volt, 45 Ampere --Type 1
9m4180 Alternator Group--24 Volt, 45 Ampere--Type 1
9m4180 Alternator Group--24 Volt, 45 Ampere--Type 2
9m4180 Alternator Group--24 Volt, 45 Ampere--Type 3
6j1733 Auxiliary Relief Valve Group
1v4359 Basic Wiper Group--12 Volt
1s1876 Battery And Wiring Group--24 Volt--Top View--Part 2 Of 4
1s1876 Battery And Wiring Group--24 Volt--Top View--Part 1 Of 4
1s1876 Battery And Wiring Group--24 Volt--Part 4 Of 4
1s1876 Battery And Wiring Group--24 Volt--Side View--Part 3 Of 4
9j3141 Bit And Cutting Edge Group--Field Installation
8j8168 Bit And Cutting Edge Group--Field Installation
6k1360 General Purpose Bucket Assembly--6.00 Cu. Yd.--126" Wide
2s7622 Bracket Service Group
8k6572 General Purpose Bucket Assembly--6.5 Cu. Yd.--127.5" Wide
4k9163 Bucket Assembly--5.50 Cu. Yd.--126" Wide
5k3539 Bucket Assembly--Rock Loading--6 Cu. Yd.--130" Wide
5K***39Bucket Assembly; Bucket Assembly--Rock Loading1
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4k9160 Bucket Assembly--5 Cu. Yd.--108" Wide
4k9161 Bucket Assembly--Rock Loading--5 Cubic Yard--127" Wide
5k5241 Bucket Assembly--6.00 Cu. Yd.--126" Wide
4k9162 Bucket Assembly--5.50 Cu. Yd.--108" Wide
4k9164 Bucket Assembly--6.50 Cu. Yd.--126" Wide
4k999 Bucket Assembly--5 Cubic Yard--126" Wide
5k233 Cab Conversion Group--R.H. Side View-- Part 1 Of 2
5k233 Cab Conversion Group--L.H. Side View-- Part 2 Of 2
4k9076 Cab Group--R.H. Side View--Part 2 Of 3 --Type 2
4k9076 Cab Group--L.H. Side View--Part 3 Of 3-- Type 2
4k9076 Cab Group--L.H. Side View Part 3 Of 3--Type 1
5k236 Cab Group--Semi-Enclosed--Type 2--R.H. Side View--Part 2 Of 3
4k9076 Cab Group--Front View--Part 1 Of 3 --Type 3
5k236 Cab Group--Semi-Enclosed--Type 3--R.H. Side View--Part 2 Of 3
5k236 Cab Group--Semi-Enclosed--Type 1 --R.H. Side View--Part 2 Of 3
5k236 Cab Group--Semi-Enclosed--Type 3--L.H. Side View--Part 3 Of 3
4k9076 Cab Group--R.H. Side View--Part 2 Of 3-- Type 3
4k9076 Cab Group--R.H. Side View Part 2 Of 3--Type 1
5k236 Cab Group--Semi-Enclosed--Type 2--Front View--Part 1 Of 3
5k236 Cab Group--Semi-Enclosed--Type 2--L.H. Side View--Part 3 Of 3
5k236 Cab Group--Semi-Enclosed--Type 1-- Front View--Part 1 Of 3
5k236 Cab Group--Semi-Enclosed--Type 1-- L.H. Side View--Part 3 Of 3
4k9076 Cab Group--L.H. Side View--Part 3 Of 3 --Type 3
5k236 Cab Group--Semi-Enclosed--Type 3--Front View--Part 1 Of 3
4k9076 Cab Group--Front View Part 1 Of 3--Type 1
4k9076 Cab Group--Front View--Part 1 Of 3 --Type 2
4k9093 Canopy Panel Group--Type 2
5k235 Canopy Panel Group--Type 1
5k235 Canopy Panel Group--Type 2
4k9093 Canopy Panel Group--Type 1
4k7499 Carriage And Clamp Group
5k3307 Conversion Group--Rock Bucket
5k1277 Counterweight Group--6,450 Pounds
4k9878 Counterweight Group--1,120 Lbs.--Bumper Mounted
4k9877 Counterweight Group--2,050 Lbs.--Frame Mounted
2s3025 Protection Cover Group--Oil Filler Cap
2S***25Cover Group-Protection; Protection Cover Group1
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5d1900 Protection Cover Group--Hydraulic Tank Cap
5D***00Cover Group-Protection; Protection Cover Group-- Hydraulic Tank Cap1
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5k1753 Curtain Group--Semi-Enclosed Cab
7k1844 Cutting Edge Group--Heavy Duty--Field Installation
7k2457 Cutting Edge Group--Light Duty--Field Installation
4j7845 Cylinder Group--5.50" X 21.38"
Cylinder Head Assembly--End View
4k9506 Defroster Fan Group--12 Volt--Type 1
4k9506 Defroster Fan Group--12 Volt--Type 2
4k9507 Defroster Fan Group--24 Volt--Type 1
4k9507 Defroster Fan Group--24 Volt--Type 2
2s6277 Differential--Torque Proportioning
1s7629 Differential And Gear Group--No-Spin
5s7501 Differential And Gear Group--Torque Proportioning
2s294 Differential And Gear Group--No-Spin
1s2418 Direct Electric Starting Arrangement--24 Volt--Factory Installation
1A***29Bolt (1-1/8") Tube Assembly To Transfer Drive Case2
1B***02Key-- Adapter To Compression Release Shaft1
1L***77Button-- Fuel Tank Hole In Hood2
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9f740 Discharger
4k8965 Door Group--R.H.
4k8966 Door Group--L.H.
5k5791 Dust Guard Group
2s5029 Ether Starting Aid Group
5j7170 External Kickout Valve Group
1s2270 Fender Group--R.H. Side View
5k9901 Field Conversion Arrangement--2 Valve To 3 Valve
4K***74Field Conversion Group1
4K***50Hydraulic Valve Control Group1
5K***99Rear Hydraulic Lines Group1
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4k1273 Field Conversion Arrangement--2 Valve To 3 Valve
4K***73Field Conversion Arrangement1
4K***74Field Conversion Group1
4K***28Lines Group; Front Hydraulic Lines Group1
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5k7564 Field Conversion Group--High Pressure Roller Detents--Part 1 Of 2
4k1274 Field Conversion Group--2 Valve To 3 Valve
6j4697 Field Conversion Group
7k7038 Field Conversion Group
5k7564 Field Conversion Group--High Pressure Roller Detents--Part 2 Of 2
Flywheel
1s4039 Front Final Drive, Wheel And Brake Group--Type 2
1S***39Front Final Drive, Wheel And Brake Group1
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1s4039 Front Final Drive, Wheel And Brake Group--Type 1
1S***39Front Final Drive, Wheel And Brake Group1
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4k7494 Front Hydraulic Lines Group--Top View
4K***94Front Hydraulic Lines Group; Hydraulic Lines Group-- Front1
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4k9091 Front Panel Group
9k2374 General Purpose Bucket Assembly--7.00 Cu. Yd.--128.75" Wide
9K***74General Purpose Bucket Assembly1
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7k6723 General Purpose Bucket Assembly--6 Cu. Yd.--126" Wide
7K***23General Purpose Bucket Assembly1
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9k3715 General Purpose Bucket Assembly--6.00 Cu. Yd.--128.75" Wide
9K***15General Purpose Bucket Assembly1
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6k1355 General Purpose Bucket Assembly--5.5 Cu. Yd.--126" Wide
6K***55General Purpose Bucket Assembly1
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6k1455 General Purpose Bucket Assembly
6K***55General Purpose Bucket Assembly1
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7k6720 General Purpose Bucket Assembly--6.5 Cu. Yd.--126" Wide
7K***20General Purpose Bucket Assembly1
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6k1365 General Purpose Bucket Assembly--6.5 Cu. Yd.--126" Wide
6K***65General Purpose Bucket Assembly1
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7k6722 General Purpose Bucket Assembly--5.5 Cu. Yd.--126" Wide
8k6540 General Purpose Bucket Assembly--5.5 Cu. Yd.--127.5" Wide
8K***40General Purpose Bucket Assembly1
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7k6721 General Purpose Bucket Assembly--5.5 Cu. Yd.--108" Wide
7K***21General Purpose Bucket Assembly1
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8k6550 General Purpose Bucket Assembly--6.00 Cu. Yd.--127.5" Wide
8K***50General Purpose Bucket Assembly1
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4m308 Glow Plug And Wiring Group--24 Volt--Type 1
4m308 Glow Plug And Wiring Group--24 Volt--Type 2
8f9866 Grease Gun--Type 1
8f9866 Grease Gun--Type 2
8m9858 Tool Group
4k9508 Heater Group--12 Volt
4k9509 Heater Group--24 Volt
3k9066 Hot Water Heater--12 Volt
5h1526 Hot Water Heater--24 Volt
4k6949 Hydraulic Arrangement--Factory Installation
4J***49Tank And Valve Group; Hydraulic Tank And Valve Group1
4K***28Lines Group; Front Hydraulic Lines Group1
4K***49Hydraulic Arrangement1
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5j156 Cylinder Group--5.5" Bore X 19" Stroke--2 Groups Required--Type 1
5J***56Hydraulic Cylinder Group; Cylinder Group1
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5j156 Cylinder Group--5.5" Bore X 19" Stroke--2 Required--Type 3
5J***56Hydraulic Cylinder Group; Cylinder Group1
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5j156 Cylinder Group--5.5" Bore X 19" Stroke--2 Required--Type 2
5J***56Hydraulic Cylinder Group; Cylinder Group1
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5k9396 Hydraulic Lines Group--Type 2
5k702 Hydraulic Lines Group
5k9396 Hydraulic Lines Group--Type 1
5j5930 Hydraulic Pump Assembly--Type 1
5j5930 Hydraulic Pump Assembly--Type 2
5j4275 Hydraulic Pump Assembly
4k6950 Hydraulic Valve Control Group
4j7078 Internal Auxiliary Valve Group
5j7631 Internal Field Conversion Group
5J***31Internal Field Conversion Group1
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4k4895 Swivel Joint Group--Type 2
4k4895 Swivel Joint Group--Type 1
7m7147 Stop And Tail Lamp Assembly--24 Volt
1m1882 Flood Lamp Assembly--24 Volt
1m3379 Head Lamp Assembly--24 Volt
1m3387 Dash Lamp Assembly--24 Volt
6k4803 Lift Arm Group
3s399 Lift Cylinder And Pump Arrangement
3S***99Lift Cylinder And Pump Arrangement1
4J***77Lift Cylinder Group2
5J***75Hydraulic Pump Assembly1
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4j7377 Lift Cylinder Group--8.25" Bore X 39.50" Stroke--2 Groups Required
5j7630 Lift Detent Valve Group
5k5694 Lift Kickout And Bucket Positioner Lines Conversion Group
5K***94Lift Kickout And Bucket Positioner Lines Conversion Group1
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1s7829 Lighting System Group--12 Volt
1s2307 Lighting System Group--24 Volt--Side View
1s7828 Lighting System Group--24 Volt
4k5428 Lines Group--Part 2 Of 2
4K***28Lines Group; Front Hydraulic Lines Group1
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4k5428 Lines Group--Part 1 Of 2
4K***28Lines Group; Front Hydraulic Lines Group1
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4k7500 Log Fork Arrangement
4J***45Cylinder Group; Cylinder Group2
4K***94Front Hydraulic Lines Group; Hydraulic Lines Group-- Front1
4K***99Carriage And Clamp Group1
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5k3130 Logging Arrangement--35,000 Pounds
4K***49Hydraulic Arrangement1
4K***00Log Fork Arrangement1
4K***18Lift Cylinder Arrangement1
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2m1464 Electric Starting Motor Assembly--24 Volt--Part 2 Of 2--Type 2
2m1464 Electric Starting Motor Assembly--24 Volt--Part 1 Of 2--Type 2
2m1464 Electric Starting Motor Assembly--24 Volt--Part 2 Of 2--Type 1
2m1464 Electric Starting Motor Assembly--24 Volt--Part 1 Of 2--Type 1
Name Plates, Tool And Transfers
1S***90Plate-- Lubrications Instructions1
1S***96Transfer Group1
1S***12Plate; Transportation Notice Below Cab Door Sil Near L.H. Side Of Platform Support1
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5s8033 Protection Cover Group--Fuel Tank Cap
1s6307 Protection Cover Group--Fuel Tank Cap
1s4153 Rain Cap Group--Starting Engine
1s4040 Rear Final Drive, Wheel And Brake Group--Type 1
1S***40Rear Final Drive, Wheel And Brake Group1
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1s4040 Rear Final Drive, Wheel And Brake Group--Type 2
1S***40Rear Final Drive, Wheel And Brake Group1
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5k9899 Rear Hydraulic Lines Group
4k9512 Rear Window Wiper Group--12 Volt
4k9513 Rear Window Wiper Group--24 Volt
Replacement Parts For Chain Armor
5k445 Ripper-Scarifier Group--Type 1
5K***45Ripper Ar-Basic; Ripper--Scarifier Group1
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5k445 Ripper-Scarifier Group--Type 2
5K***45Ripper Ar-Basic; Ripper--Scarifier Group1
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4s7861 Ripper Lines Group
5k5678 Ripper Mounting Group
5k447 Ripper Tooth Group
6k4984 Rock Loader Arrangement
5K***39Bucket Assembly; Bucket Assembly--Rock Loading1
6K***03Lift Arm Group1
6K***84Rock Loader Arrangement1
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5k448 Scarifier Tooth Group--11 Teeth
2m2832 Seat Belt Group
9k1213 Shaft And Link Assembly
4k9936 Sliding Window Assembly
6k1444 Spill Plate Extension Group
4k3964 Spill Plate Extension Group
5k3635 Spill Plate Extension Group
1m7039 Electric Starter Group--24 Volt
1M***39Starter Group-Electric; Electric Starter Group1
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5k5736 Support Group
4m1812 Solenoid Switch Assembly
4j6949 Tank And Valve Group--3 Valve--Part 2 Of 3--Type 2
4J***49Tank And Valve Group; Hydraulic Tank And Valve Group1
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4j6949 Tank And Valve Group--3 Valve--Part 3 Of 3--Type 2
4J***49Tank And Valve Group; Hydraulic Tank And Valve Group1
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4j6949 Tank And Valve Group--3 Valve--Part 2 Of 3--Type 1
4J***49Tank And Valve Group; Hydraulic Tank And Valve Group1
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4j6949 Tank And Valve Group--3 Valve--Part 1 Of 3--Type 1
4J***49Tank And Valve Group; Hydraulic Tank And Valve Group1
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4j6949 Tank And Valve Group--3 Valve--Part 3 Of 3--Type 1
4J***49Tank And Valve Group; Hydraulic Tank And Valve Group1
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4j6949 Tank And Valve Group--3 Valve--Part 1 Of 3--Type 2
4J***49Tank And Valve Group; Hydraulic Tank And Valve Group1
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5j7629 Tilt Detent Valve Group
Tire And Mounting--29.50 X 29 Tubeless Tires
5s690 Tire Chain Armor Arrangement
5S***90Tire Chain Armor Arrangement1
5S***92Tire Chain Armour Group2
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5s691 Tire Chain Armor Arrangement
5S***91Tire Chain Armor Arrangement1
5S***92Tire Chain Armour Group4
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3s9153 Tire, Wheel And Fender Arrangement
1S***70Fender Group1
1S***39Front Final Drive, Wheel And Brake Group2
1S***40Rear Final Drive, Wheel And Brake Group2
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Tire, Wheel And Fender Arrangement--29.50 X 29 Tubeless Tires
1S***70Fender Group1
1S***39Front Final Drive, Wheel And Brake Group2
1S***40Rear Final Drive, Wheel And Brake Group2
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1s2271 Tire, Wheel And Fender Arrangement--29.50 X 29 Tubeless Tires
1S***70Fender Group1
1S***71Tire, Wheel And Fender Arrangement1
1S***39Front Final Drive, Wheel And Brake Group2
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5s6021 Tool Group--Replaces 8m9858
7k419 Tooth Group--Short Tip
6k8280 Tooth Group--Short Tip
7k418 Tooth Group--Long Tip
4k9377 Tooth Group--Long Tip
5k7583 Tooth Group
4k7351 Tooth Group--Long Tip
6k8281 Tooth Group--Long Tip
6k8282 Tooth Group--Long Tip
5k7584 Tooth Group
6k8283 Tooth Group--Short Tip
1s6890 Transmission Guard Group
1v4495 Windshield Wiper Group--12 Volt--Field Installation
4k9511 Windshield Wiper Group--24 Volt
4k9510 Windshield Wiper Group--12 Volt--Type 2
1v4481 Windshield Wiper Group--24 Volt--Field Installation
4k9510 Windshield Wiper Group--12 Volt--Type 1
4k9471 Wiper Assembly--24 Volt
9k1240 Wiper Assembly--12 Volt
4k9472 Wiper Assembly--12 Volt
1v4360 Wiper Group
Wiring Diagram--24 Volt System
Diesel Engine
Air Cleaner--Top View
7m914 Air Filter Indicator Group
7M***14Air Filter Service Indicator Group1
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Breather
Camshaft
Camshaft (4m298 N/S)
Camshaft Drive
Connecting Rod And Piston--6 Required
Crankshaft (4m4193 N/S)
Crankshaft Bearing Replacement
Crankshaft Bearing Replacement Groups
Cylinder Block And Covers--End View -Part 2 Of 2
Cylinder Block And Covers--Side View -Part 1 Of 2
Cylinder Block And Covers--Side View- Part 1 Of 3
Cylinder Block And Covers--Rear View--Part 2 Of 3
Cylinder Block And Covers--Side View- Part 1 Of 2
Cylinder Block And Covers--Front View-Part 3 Of 3
2s1803 Cylinder Block Assembly
Cylinder Head And Valve Mechanism--End View -Part 2 Of 2
Cylinder Head And Valve Mechanism--Side View -Part 1 Of 2
1p1146 Fan Drive Group
1P***46Drive Group-Fan; Fan Drive Group1
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1m5061 Tachometer Drive Group
Drive Pulley And Damper
Engine Oil Cooler
Engine Support
Exhaust Extension
Fan And Drive
2s2480 Fan Drive Clutch Assembly
9m8437 Fan Drive Clutch Assembly
1p1365 Fan Drive Group--Field Installation
Fan Guard
9m3223 Oil Filter Group
9M***23Filter Group-Engine Oil; Oil Filter Group1
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8h7204 Fuel Filter Group
Flywheel
Fuel Filter
Fuel Injection Pump Drive
Fuel Injection Valves And Lines
Fuel Pump Housing
5m6488 Fuel Transfer Pump Group
Gasket Kits
1S***48Valve Grinding; -Serial No. 43e423 To 43e510 Inclusive0
1S***49Diesel Engine Basic; -Serial No. 43e423 To 43e510 Inclusive0
1S***51Diesel Engine Supplementary0
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Gauges And Lines--As Viewed From Left Hand Side Of Machine
Governor Control
9m3681 Governor Group--With Rack Limiter--Part 2 Of 3
9m3681 Governor Group--With Rack Limiter--Part 1 Of 3
9m3681 Governor Group--With Rack Limiter--Part 3 Of 3
Hydraulic Pump Drive
Instrument Console
Water Lines (1s3866 N/S)
1S***66Lines Group-Water; Water Lines Group1
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Manifolds--Side View -Part 1 Of 2
Manifolds--End View- Part 2 Of 2
Manifolds--End View -Part 2 Of 2
9m3202 Oil Filter Base Assembly--Top View
Oil Lines--As Viewed From Rear Of Engine
Oil Lines (1s9438 N/S)
4m8026 Oil Pump Assembly
2p7823 Prescreener Group
Primary Fuel Filter And Lines (9m3648 N/S)
1m7022 Fuel Priming Pump Group
Radiator--As Viewed From Rear Of Engine- Part 1 Of 2
Radiator--As Viewed From Rear Of Engine -Part 1 Of 2
Radiator--As Viewed From Left Hand Side Of Engine- Part 2 Of 2
1p1073 Radiator Core Protective Grid Group
1P***73Radiator Core Protection Grid Group; Radiator Core Protective Grid Group1
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1p1074 Radiator Core Protection Grid Group--Field Installation
1P***73Radiator Core Protection Grid Group; Radiator Core Protective Grid Group1
1P***74Radiator Core Protection Grid Group1
1P***65Fan Drive Group1
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Radiator Guard (6m1009 N/S)
4s9643 Replacement Crankshaft Gear Group
4S***43Replacement Crankshaft Gear Group1
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4m1245 Service Meter And Tachometer Drive Group
4M***45Service Meter And Tachometer Drive Group1
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9m8539 Service Meter Group
Torque Converter Oil Cooler
Torque Converter Oil Pump Drive
3s1414 Turbocharger Assembly
1s9162 Turbocharger Assembly
Water Lines
2r231 Water Lines Group
1s8755 Water Pump Assembly
2s7209 Water Pump Assembly
Hydraulic Control
4j7321 Check And Unloading Valve Group
4J***21Check And Unloading Valve Group1
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3j5320 Control Valve Group--Top View- Part 2 Of 2
3j5320 Control Valve Group--Top View -Part 2 Of 2
3j5320 Control Valve Group--Side View- Part 1 Of 2
3j5320 Control Valve Group--Side View -Part 1 Of 2
Cooler Lines And Valve
4j3558 Detent Lift Valve Group
4j3559 Detent Tilt Valve Group
3j8877 Differential Tilt Relief Valve Group
3J***77Differential Tilt Relief Valve Group1
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5j8366 Element And Oil Level Indicator Body Group
5J***66Element And Oil Level Indicator Body Group1
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5j3206 Flow Control And Relief Valve Group
5J***06Flow Control And Relief Valve Group1
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Hand Control
3k9697 Hydraulic Oil Filter Group
5j9960 Hydraulic Oil Filter Indicator Group--Field Installation
5J***60Hydraulic Oil Filter Indicator Group1
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Hydraulic Pump And Lines--As Viewed From Front Left Hand Side Of Machine--Part 2 Of 2
Hydraulic Pump And Lines--As Viewed From Front Left Hand Side Of Machine--Part 1 Of 2
3k9539 Hydraulic Pump Assembly
Hydraulic Tank And Valve--2 Valve--As Viewed From Rear Of Machine--Part 2 Of 3
Hydraulic Tank And Valve--2 Valve--As Viewed From Rear Of Machine--Part 1 Of 3
Hydraulic Tank And Valve--2 Valve--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 3 Of 3
4j595 Make-Up Valve Group
3s1728 Radiator Hydraulic Tank And Cooler Lines Arrangement--Field Installation
3S***28Radiator Hydraulic Tank And Cooler Lines Arrangement1
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4j4120 Relief Valve Group
3j8878 Tilt Relief Valve Group
Starting System
1s2585 Alternator Assembly--12 Volt, 55 Ampere
9m6517 Alternator Group--12 Volt, 55 Ampere
Battery And Wiring--12 Volt--As Viewed From Rear Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 3 Of 3
Battery And Wiring--12 Volt--As Viewed From Rear Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 1 Of 3
Battery And Wiring--12 Volt--As Viewed From Rear Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 2 Of 3
Battery And Wiring Diagram--12 Volt System
Camshaft And Governor
9m3171 Carburetor Assembly
9m4663 Clutch Group
Connecting Rod And Piston--2 Required
Crankshaft
Cylinder Block, Cylinder Head And Valve Mechanism--Part 2 Of 2
Cylinder Block, Cylinder Head And Valve Mechanism--Part 1 Of 2
2m6646 Dash Lamp Assembly--12 Volt
7m7793 Electric Starter Group--12 Volt--Type 1
7m7793 Electric Starter Group--12 Volt--Type 2
9m4664 Engine Mounted Control Group
2m856 Flood Lamp Assembly--12 Volt--Type 2
2m856 Flood Lamp Assembly--12 Volt
9m8895 Fuel System Group
2m4166 Head Lamp Assembly--12 Volt
9h6203 Ignition System Group
Lighting System--12 Volt--Front Half -Part 1 Of 2
Lighting System--12 Volt--Rear Half- Part 2 Of 2
Lighting System Wiring Diagram
8m9145 Magneto Assembly
1s3350 Magneto Assembly
9m4847 Manifold, Carburetor And Air Cleaner Group
9M***47Manifold, Carburetor And Air Cleaner Group1
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8m2573 Manual Starting Crank Group
1m6935 Oil Line Group
1M***35Oil Line Group; Oil Lines Group1
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9m1713 Oil Pump Assembly
8m614 Starter Pinion Group
4k1425 Starting Engine Control Group--Part 1 Of 2
4k1425 Starting Engine Control Group--Part 2 Of 2
Starting Engine Support
3d7674 Stop And Tail Lamp Assembly--12 Volt
7h7290 Disconnect Switch Assembly
1s2211 Wiring Harness
Transmission And Chassis
4j4984 Accumulator Charging Valve Group
4J***84Accumulator Charging Valve Group1
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5j2166 Accumulator Charging Valve Group
5J***66Accumulator Charging Valve Group1
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4j3605 Accumulator Group
9m2203 Brake Adjuster Assembly
Brake Control--Rear View
Brake Lines--As Viewed From Front Left Hand Side Of Machine--Part 4 Of 4
Brake Lines--As Viewed From Front Left Hand Side Of Machine--Part 2 Of 4
Brake Lines--As Viewed From Front Left Hand Side Of Machine--Part 3 Of 4
Brake Lines--As Viewed From Front Left Hand Side Of Machine--Part 1 Of 4
5j2050 Brake Valve Group
4j8974 Brake Valve Group
Bumper And Drawbar
Dash--R.H. End View
Differential--Torque Proportioning
2s2126 Differential And Gear Group
5s7501 Differential And Gear Group--Torque Proportioning
1s1874 Differential And Gear Group
Drive Shaft--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine
Drive Shaft--R.H. Side View
4k710 Drive Shaft Assembly--Front
3k9781 Drive Shaft Assembly--Intermediate
Fenders
5j9970 Field Conversion Group
Floor Plates--Top View
Front Axle Housing
Front Differential And Bevel Gear
Front Final Drive, Wheel And Brake--26.50 X 29 Tubeless Tires--2 Required
Front Frame
Fuel System
9m8714 Gear And Housing Group
Hood And Firewall
4j6569 Hydraulic Steering Pump Assembly
4J***69Hydraulic Steering Pump Assembly1
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1t520 Hydraulic Torque Converter Assembly
1T***20Hydraulic Torque Converter Assembly1
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Ladder And Grab Iron
2s1485 Lubrication Relief Valve Group
2s626 Lubrication Relief Valve Group
8m6363 Neutralizer Valve Group
2s1443 Neutralizer Valve Group
2s154 Oil Pump Group
3k6559 Parking Brake Assembly
Parking Brake Control
Planetary Transmission--Part 2 Of 2
Planetary Transmission--Part 1 Of 2
Platform Support--Top View
8m6377 Pressure Control Group
2s454 Pressure Control Group
1p2619 Pressure Control Group
1s9996 Range Transmission Arrangement
Rear Axle Housing And Trunnion--Part 2 Of 2
Rear Axle Housing And Trunnion--Part 1 Of 2
Rear Differential And Bevel Gear
Rear Final Drive, Wheel And Brake--26.50 X 29 Tubeless Tires--2 Required
Rear Frame
2s624 Relief Valve Group
2s1390 Relief Valve Group
4j4087 Rotary Actuator Housing Group
4j8973 Rotary Actuator Housing Group
8m6334 Safety Reset And Converter Hold Valve Group
8M***34Safety Reset And Converter Hold Valve Group1
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Seat (1s4502 N/S)
3k8461 Seat Assembly
3K***61Seat Group; Basic Seat Group--Static1
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9m4351 Selector Valve Group
3j6943 Steering Cylinder Group--5" X 28.78"--2 Groups Required
5j9909 Steering Filter Group
Steering Gear And Wheel
Steering Lines--Top View -Part 2 Of 2
Steering Lines--As Viewed From Rear Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 1 Of 3
Steering Lines--As Viewed From Rear Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 3 Of 3
Steering Lines--As Viewed From Rear Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 2 Of 3
Steering Lines--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine -Part 1 Of 2
Steering Mechanism--Part 2 Of 2
Steering Mechanism--Part 1 Of 2
5s4 Steering System Filter Group--Field Installation
5s5 Steering System Filter Group--Field Installation
5j4934 Steering Valve Group--Part 1 Of 2
4j5352 Steering Valve Group--Part 1 Of 2
4j5352 Steering Valve Group--Part 2 Of 2
5j4934 Steering Valve Group--Part 2 Of 2
Torque Converter
Tractor Guard
Transfer Gears--As Viewed From Front Of Machine- Part 1 Of 2
Transfer Gears--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine- Part 2 Of 2
Transfer Gears--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine -Part 2 Of 2
Transfer Gears--As Viewed From Front Of Machine -Part 1 Of 2
Transmission Control--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine
9m3699 Transmission Filter Group
Transmission Hydraulic Control--Top View- Part 1 Of 2
Transmission Hydraulic Control--Top View -Part 1 Of 2
Transmission Hydraulic Control--As Viewed From Rear Of Machine -Part 2 Of 2
Transmission Hydraulic Control--As Viewed From Rear Of Machine-Part 2 Of 2
4j4007 Transmission Neutralizer Valve Group
4J***07Transmission Neutralizer Valve Group1
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Transmission Pump And Lines--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 2 Of 2
Transmission Pump And Lines--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 1 Of 2
9h5108 Universal Joint Assembly
5m7962 Universal Joint Assembly
1s8754 Universal Joint Assembly
Wheel Brake
Traxcavator
Bucket Control
Bucket Kickout
Bucket Positioner And Indicator--Top View
7k4056 Cam Group
Counterweight--1,120 Pounds
4j6922 Lift Cylinder Group--7.25" Bore X 39.50" Stroke--2 Groups Required
Lift Cylinder Lines--Part 2 Of 2
Lift Cylinder Lines--Part 1 Of 2
6k9053 Lift Cylinder To Lift Arm Repair Group
6K***53Lift Cylinder To Lift Arm Repair Group1
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5k2684 Master Cylinder Assembly
5k2685 Master Cylinder Assembly
4k6615 Swivel Joint Group
4k6614 Swivel Joint Group
4j5743 Tilt Cylinder Group--R.H.--6.50" X 32"
4J***43Tilt Cylinder Group--R.H.,Tilt Cylinder Group--L.H.1
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Tilt Cylinder Lines--As Viewed From Front Left Hand Side Of Machine--Part 1 Of 2
Tilt Cylinder Lines--As Viewed From Front Left Hand Side Of Machine--Part 2 Of 2

988 serial number reference

On a 988, the PIN/serial plate sits on the machine frame near the cab: early machines have it mounted higher on the right (curb) side near the operator's platform, later reference guides point to the right side of the cab base or the front access-step area. Pre-2001 Cat machines show an 8-character serial like 87A1234: the first three characters are the prefix identifying the model/build series, the remaining digits are the unit's sequence number in that series. Match the letter-prefix against the model's known prefix block to confirm it belongs to the 988 rather than a related variant.

PrefixIdentifies
87A988 (original series, articulated wheel loader)

Frequently asked questions

What engine powers the original Caterpillar 988?

The original Caterpillar 988 (1963 into the mid-to-late 1970s, 87A serial prefix) runs a Caterpillar D343 six-cylinder naturally aspirated diesel, rated about 224 kW (300 hp) at introduction and rising to roughly 242 kW (325 hp) by 1968. It is a mechanically governed, pre-emissions engine with no electronic controls.

What is the operating weight of the Caterpillar 988?

Operating weight for the original 988 runs roughly 28,600-35,800 kg (63,000-79,000 lb), varying by bucket size, cab type, and counterweight configuration across the production run. Heavier ROPS-cab, larger-tire, bigger-bucket units sit toward the top of that range.

What replaced the Caterpillar 988?

The 988B succeeded the original 988 as Caterpillar's next-generation large wheel loader, arriving as the base 988 production run ended in the mid-to-late 1970s. The 988B moved to a different engine family, making it a distinct machine from the D343-powered original despite sharing the 988 nameplate.

What 988 owners discuss

What do owners and mechanics say about the D343 engine's overall reputation in this loader?
Field consensus on this generation of 988 is that the D343 is a fundamentally strong engine for its era, with an overhead-cam valvetrain that was unusual for a diesel of that vintage. Mechanics who've worked on them describe few chronic bugs when the engine is properly maintained. The tradeoff owners flag again and again: it is expensive to bring back once it's tired. A full rebuild done right can run into the tens of thousands of dollars (roughly 20,000-30,000 USD), so an engine that smokes, runs low on power, or burns oil should be priced into a deal rather than treated as a minor fix.
Is there a known quirk in how this engine likes to be run?
Yes. It's a pre-combustion-chamber (indirect-injection) diesel, and that design does not tolerate being lugged along at low speed to save fuel. Idling or working it at low RPM for long stretches lets raw fuel wet the pre-chamber and cylinder instead of burning cleanly, which shows up as smoke and carbon buildup rather than any real fuel savings. The practical advice from people who run these: keep it under real load at a normal working speed rather than throttling it back.
What should I know about cold starting and the starting circuit on this machine?
Like other pre-chamber Cat diesels of this vintage, it needs real heat to fire once temperatures drop - don't expect the starter alone to light it off in cool weather. A starting aid and strong batteries are normal equipment on these, not a sign of trouble. Some units wire an oil-pressure safety switch into the starting circuit; if the engine cranks but won't catch, or dies the instant it fires, check that switch and its wiring before assuming a bigger engine fault. If the machine has sat unused for a year or more, expect the injection pump to need attention too - plungers can stick from prolonged idleness, and a pump/governor service is often needed before it runs cleanly again.
How does the torque converter and powershift transmission behave, and what should I watch for?
This loader runs a torque-converter powershift transmission with single-lever shifting. Owners describe the whole machine as a slow giant - strong breakout force and payload for its size, but not quick to respond compared to a smaller loader, so it's a poor match for jobs needing fast, tight maneuvering in confined yards. On the converter itself, apparent slipping is sometimes just a mis-adjusted or disconnected control linkage to the converter valve rather than real converter wear, so check the linkage first. Typical overheating causes on a drivetrain this age are internal converter leakage, a scavenge pump that can't keep up, or a plugged oil cooler restricting flow - worth checking all three on any used unit given how old this equipment now is.
What wear should I expect on tires and how does the machine handle soft ground?
This is a heavy machine riding on four tires, and owners warn it needs reasonably solid, prepared ground underfoot - run it over soft or ungraded material and it punches through rather than floating across it. Tires are a real ownership cost: a single replacement commonly runs into the thousands of dollars, with service-call charges on top, so tread condition and remaining life should factor into any purchase decision, especially if the machine has worked abrasive or rocky material.
What about front-end pin and bushing wear on a machine this old?
On surviving units this age, articulation-joint pins, loader-arm pins, and bucket-linkage bushings are usually worn from decades of duty cycles. Full rebushing of the front end is a major job and a major cost, commonly running into the tens of thousands of dollars depending on how far things have gone. Some play at these joints is normal wear for original iron this old rather than an automatic red flag, but it needs to be priced into any deal rather than discovered as a surprise later. Check hydraulic lift and tilt pump condition at the same time - external leakage or sluggish cycle times point to a pump that's also due, and pump replacement is a significant expense on this design.
What should I check before buying a used original 988 (D343, pre-988B)?
Treat the hour meter as unreliable on a machine this old; ask for rebuild and service history on the engine, hydraulic pump, and drivetrain instead of trusting the gauge. Run the engine under load if possible - watch for smoke, listen for knock, and check oil pressure at idle and at rated speed, since a tired D343 is one of the most expensive things to put right on this machine. Ask when it last ran continuously; a long storage gap points to injection-pump service being needed even if it currently starts and idles. Walk the front end with the loader raised and unloaded and feel for play in articulation pins, loader-arm pins, and bucket linkage. Check the hydraulic pump and cylinders for external leakage. Price a full set of tires separately, since on a cheaply bought machine tires alone can rival the purchase price. Have your dealer or a qualified heavy-equipment tech verify service brake, parking brake, and steering function before putting the machine to work - on equipment this age, brake and steering system integrity should never be assumed from a test drive alone.

Compiled from owner and technician discussions across the industry — experiences vary by serial range and machine history.

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