Caterpillar 16
Caterpillarmotor grader

Caterpillar 16

Maintenance schedule, common problems & OEM parts breakdown

The Caterpillar 16 is Cat's large, articulated-frame, tandem-drive motor grader, built for haul-road construction and heavy grading in mining and large civil projects. It debuted in 1963 as a scaled-up answer to the No. 14, running a D343T six-cylinder diesel rated near 168 kW (225 hp) and weighing about 22,500 kg (49,600 lb). A 1970s redesign created the 16G, with full hydraulic circle and blade controls replacing cable-and-lever steering and an articulated frame becoming standard; the G and H series that followed carried a 3406-family turbocharged diesel, roughly 186-249 kW (250-334 hp), with operating weight climbing toward 24,500-31,800 kg (54,000-70,100 lb) depending on configuration. The line moved to the Cat C13 ACERT with the Variable Horsepower system in the M series starting in 2006, rated 216-259 kW (290-348 hp) net; the current 16M3, sold since 2015, ships in Tier 2, Tier 3, or Tier 4 Final emissions configurations with single or dual rear tires, an optional drawbar-mounted scarifier/ripper, and an optional automatic lubrication system for the circle and drawbar joints, with operating weight running roughly 26,000-35,700 kg (57,450-78,640 lb) depending on ballast and attachments. There is no separate successor model - the 16 designation has run continuously for six decades, with Cat's larger 24 sitting above it as a distinct flagship mining grader rather than a replacement.

Each generation changed how the 16 is driven and serviced more than what it does. The 16G's move to full hydraulic controls cut operator fatigue and made blade control repeatable. The 16H carried that forward with tighter turbocharged engine calibration through the 1990s and 2000s emissions rules. The 16M replaced up to fifteen control levers and a steering wheel with two electro-hydraulic joysticks and added the VHP system that shifts horsepower to match gear and load automatically. The 2015 update to 16M3 lengthened the rear frame, thickened the hitch plates, and added bumper-mounted counterweight castings for better stability and longer circle/drawbar life on haul roads. Because the line has run essentially unbroken since 1963, a large population of G- and H-series machines is still grading county roads, quarries, and mine sites worldwide - their mechanically simple powershift drivetrains and 3406-family engines, shared with trucks and generator sets, keep rebuild parts and used components easy to source. M-series units are now entering the used market in volume as mining fleets cycle out, keeping steady demand for circle and drawbar wear components, tandem and final-drive parts, and C13 engine kits.

Below: full specifications, fluids & capacities, the factory service schedule, common service parts, verified fault codes, what owners discuss, attachment guidance, the complete assembly directory, and a serial-number reference. Complete parts lists with full OEM part numbers, exploded diagrams, quantities, and fitment data are available free in Heavy Parts AI.

Caterpillar 16 specifications

Engine

16G series engineCat 3406, 6-cylinder diesel, 14.6 L (891 cu in) displacement. Net power 187 kW (250 hp) at rated speed, gears 7-8. Emissions tier not documented for this series.
16H series engineCat 3196 ETA, 6-cylinder diesel, 11.9 L (726 cu in) displacement. Net power ranges 198-213 kW (265-285 hp) depending on gear range: 198 kW (265 hp) in gears 1-2, 213 kW (285 hp) in gears 4-8. Emissions tier not documented for this series.
16H ES series engineCat 3406 DITA, 6-cylinder diesel, 14.6 L (891 cu in) displacement. Net power 205 kW (275 hp), gears 7-8. Emissions tier not documented for this series.
16M series engineCat C13 ACERT VHP, 6-cylinder diesel, 12.5 L (763 cu in) displacement, bore 130 mm (5.1 in) x stroke 157 mm (6.2 in). Net base power 221 kW (297 hp) in 1st gear; Variable Horsepower Plus raises net power to 233 kW (312 hp) in gears 4-8. Max torque 1710 Nm (1261 lb-ft) at 2000 rpm rated speed.
Current 16 series engine (2021-present)Cat C13, 6-cylinder diesel, 12.5 L (763 cu in) displacement. Net base power 216 kW (290 hp) in 1st gear; Variable Horsepower range spans 216-259 kW (290-348 hp) across gears. Max torque 1770 Nm (1306 lb-ft), Tier 4 rating. Available meeting U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final / EU Stage V, with Tier 2 and Tier 3 equivalent versions for other markets.

Weights

16G series operating weightStandard operating weight approximately 24,500-25,400 kg (54,000-56,000 lb); figures vary by source and configuration.
16H series operating weightStandard operating weight 24,743 kg (54,550 lb). Maximum operating weight 31,594 kg (69,648 lb).
16H ES series operating weightStandard operating weight 24,748 kg (54,560 lb).
16M series operating weightStandard operating weight 26,060 kg (57,452 lb), split standard front axle 7,112 kg (15,679 lb) and rear axle 18,948 kg (41,773 lb). Maximum operating weight 35,672 kg (78,643 lb).
Current 16 series operating weight (2021-present)Operating weight, typically equipped, 32,411 kg (71,454 lb). Base gross vehicle weight 28,817 kg (63,528 lb); maximum gross vehicle weight 38,499 kg (84,877 lb).

Dimensions

16H series dimensionsOverall length 9.99 m (32 ft 9 in). Width over tires 3.07 m (10 ft 1 in). Wheelbase 6.96 m (22 ft 10 in). Height to cab top 3.53 m (11 ft 7 in). Front ground clearance 0.73 m (2 ft 5 in). Blade width 4.88 m (16 ft).
16H ES series dimensionsOverall length 9.99 m (32 ft 9 in). Width over tires 3.08 m (10 ft 1 in). Wheelbase 6.96 m (22 ft 10 in). Height to cab top 3.52 m (11 ft 6 in). Blade width 4.91 m (16 ft 1 in).
16M series dimensionsOverall length 9.96 m (32 ft 8 in). Width over tires 3.10 m (10 ft 2 in). Wheelbase 6.99 m (22 ft 11 in). Height to cab top 3.70 m (12 ft 2 in). Rear ground clearance 0.41 m (16 in). Blade width 4.88 m (16 ft).
Current 16 series dimensions (2021-present)Transport length, counterweight to ripper, 12.05 m (39 ft 6 in). Width outside rear tires 3.41 m (11 ft 2 in). Height, top of cab, 3.72 m (12 ft 2 in). Tandem-axle wheelbase 1.84 m (6 ft). Rear ground clearance 0.40 m (15.6 in). Blade width 4.88 m (16 ft).

Performance

16G series performanceTop speed, forward and reverse, 43.6 km/h (27.1 mph). Turning radius 8.23 m (27 ft). 8 forward / 8 reverse gears.
16H series performanceTop speed forward 48.1 km/h (29.9 mph); reverse 45.7 km/h (28.4 mph). Turning radius 8.23 m (27 ft).
16H ES series performanceTop speed forward 44.6 km/h (27.7 mph); reverse 42.3 km/h (26.3 mph). Turning radius 8.23 m (27 ft).
16M series performanceTop speed forward, 8th gear, 53.9 km/h (33.5 mph); reverse, 6th gear, 42.6 km/h (26.5 mph). Turning radius 8.90 m (29.2 ft).
Current 16 series performance (2021-present)Top speed forward 51.7 km/h (32.1 mph); reverse 40.9 km/h (25.4 mph). Turning radius 9.30 m (30.5 ft). Steering range 47.5 degrees left and right. 8 forward / 6 reverse gears.

Service capacities (summary)

16H series capacitiesFuel tank 492 L (130 gal). Hydraulic system 129 L (34 gal). Cooling system 46.5 L (12.3 gal). Engine oil capacity not documented for this series.
16H ES series capacitiesFuel tank 492 L (130 gal). Hydraulic system 130 L (34.4 gal). Engine oil and cooling system capacities not documented for this series.
16M series capacitiesFuel tank 511 L (135 gal). Hydraulic system 114 L (30.1 gal). Engine oil 30 L (7.9 gal). Cooling system 46.5 L (12.3 gal).
Current 16 series capacities (2021-present)Fuel tank 496 L (131 gal). Hydraulic system, total, 146 L (38.6 gal). Engine oil 36 L (9.5 gal). Cooling system 70 L (18.5 gal). DEF tank 16 L (4.2 gal).

Values vary by configuration, region, and serial range — confirm against your machine before planning transport or lifts.

16 fluids & capacities

SystemCapacityRecommended fluid
Engine crankcase (with filter)30-36 L (7.9-9.5 gal); varies by series - earlier 16M: 30 L (7.9 gal), current 16/16 GC: 36 L (9.5 gal)Cat DEO or DEO-ULS multigrade diesel engine oil (meets Cat ECF-1-a/ECF-2/ECF-3). Viscosity by climate: SAE 10W-30 for -18 to 40C (0 to 104F), SAE 15W-40 for -9.5 to 50C (15 to 122F). For colder duty use SAE 5W-40 (Cat DEO SYN) down to -30C (-22F) or SAE 0W-30 (Cat Arctic DEO SYN) down to -40C (-40F).
Cooling system46.5-69 L (12.3-18.2 gal); varies notably by series - 16M: 46.5 L (12.3 gal), current 16 GC: 69 L (18.2 gal)Cat ELC (Extended Life Coolant), factory fill. 50/50 premix gives freeze protection to -37C (-34F); concentrate mix extends protection to -52C (-62F) for arctic duty. Acceptable alternative is Cat DEAC conventional antifreeze/coolant with scheduled SCA (Supplemental Coolant Additive) treatment. Minimum 30 percent glycol required.
Fuel tank432-492 L (114-130 gal); varies by series - 16M: 492 L (130 gal), current 16 GC: 432 L (114 gal)Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD, 15 ppm sulfur or less) meeting Cat distillate diesel fuel specification. Biodiesel blends up to B20 are supported on current models; consult dealer for higher blends.
Transmission/differential/final drives (combined compartment)114-117 L (30.1-30.9 gal); varies by series - 16M: 114 L (30.1 gal), current 16 GC: 117 L (30.9 gal)Cat TDTO, TDTO-TMS (Transmission Multi-Season), or Arctic TDTO, meeting Cat TO-4/TO-4M spec. Viscosity by climate: SAE 30 for -25 to 25C (-13 to 77F), SAE 50 for -15 to 50C (5 to 122F), TDTO-TMS multi-season blend for -30 to 25C (-22 to 77F), lighter 0W-20/0W-30/5W-30/10W grades for cold starts down to -40C (-40F).
Tandem final drive housings (each side)121.5-125 L (32.1-33 gal) per side; varies by seriesSame Cat TDTO/TDTO-TMS family and viscosity guidance as the transmission/differential compartment (Cat TO-4/TO-4M spec).
Circle drive housing8-10 L (2.1-2.6 gal); varies by seriesCat GO (Gear Oil) or Cat Synthetic GO, meeting API GL-5. Viscosity by climate: SAE 85W-140 for -10 to 50C (14 to 122F), SAE 80W-90 for -20 to 40C (-4 to 104F), SAE 75W-90 or synthetic 75W-140 for wide-range duty down to -30C (-22F).
Hydraulic system (tank / total)Tank approx. 56-65 L (14.8-17.2 gal); total system approx. 114 L (30.1 gal) documented on the earlier M-series. The current 16 GC spec sheet lists a single 56 L (14.8 gal) figure not split into tank/total - verify configuration with dealer.Cat HYDO Advanced 10 (SAE 10W) is preferred for motor grader hydraulic systems across 0 to 40C (32 to 104F) ambient. Second choice: Cat HYDO (SAE 10W), Cat MTO (SAE 10W-30), Cat Arctic TDTO (SAE 0W-20) or Cat Arctic DEO SYN (SAE 0W-30) for cold climates down to -40C (-40F).
Front wheel spindle bearing housing (each side)0.9 L (0.24 gal) per side, consistent across seriesSealed 'live spindle' design lubricated with a light-viscosity oil per the machine OMM; the exact grade is not broken out in the general fluids guide - confirm with dealer for the specific serial range.
Grease (chassis pins, bushings, articulation hitch, drawbar/circle/moldboard slides, fan drive bearings) - spec only, no reservoir capacityNot applicable (grease points, no sump capacity)Cat Multipurpose Grease (NLGI 2) for moderate-severity, moderate-temperature points. Cat Advanced 3Moly Grease (NLGI 2, 3 percent moly) for heavily loaded pin joints. For fan drive bearings, grade by load: Cat Ultra 5Moly Grease for high load/high speed, Advanced 3Moly for medium load, Multipurpose Grease for low load. Extreme climates: Cat Arctic Platinum Grease (NLGI 0) protects to -50C (-58F); Cat Desert Gold Grease (NLGI 2) suits hot climates.

Capacities are refill values from factory literature — always fill to the dipstick/sight gauge, not the number.

Caterpillar 16 maintenance schedule

Service intervalTasks
Every 10 h
  • Check engine oil level and cooling system level before starting.
  • Walk around the machine - inspect tires, lights, hydraulic lines, and moldboard/cutting edge wear.
  • Drain water and sediment from the fuel tank water separator.
  • Lubricate circle, drawbar, and articulation-hitch ball-and-socket joints and wear strips.
  • Grease blade-lift cylinder pins, tandem pivot, and scarifier/ripper pins.
  • Check tire pressure and seat belt condition.
Every 250 h
  • Change engine oil and filter, or extend per S·O·S sample results.
  • Check transmission, differential/final drive, and tandem case oil levels.
  • Inspect alternator and fan drive belt tension and wear.
  • Clean or replace the primary engine air filter element as needed.
  • Check circle and drawbar wear-strip clearance and shim if loose.
Every 500 h
  • Change the transmission oil filter.
  • Change hydraulic system oil filter(s).
  • Replace the secondary fuel filter element.
  • Sample coolant condition and corrosion inhibitor level.
  • Inspect and adjust wheel bearing end play.
Every 1,000 h
  • Change differential and final drive oil.
  • Change tandem case oil.
  • Change hydraulic tank oil, or extend per S·O·S results, and clean the hydraulic tank breather.
  • Change circle drive gear case oil.
  • Inspect the turbocharger and air intake system for leaks or fouling.
Every 2,000 h
  • Change transmission oil.
  • Check and adjust engine valve lash.
  • Inspect drive-line universal joints and powershift clutch condition.
  • Repack or inspect wheel bearings.
  • Inspect steering system linkage and ROPS/cab mounts.
Every 4,000 h
  • Change conventional engine coolant if not running Cat ELC (extended life coolant).
  • Inspect engine mounts, radiator core, and cooling fan drive.
  • Inspect circle gear and segment teeth for wear.
  • Inspect drawbar center-shift wear plates and shim as needed.
Every 6,000 h
  • Change Cat ELC extended life coolant on its 6-year/6000-hour interval.
  • Inspect and, if needed, rebuild the circle drive and gear assembly.
  • Inspect tandem planetary gears, sprockets, and chains for wear.
  • Schedule an engine inframe-overhaul evaluation based on oil analysis and compression trends.

Servicing the 16 beyond the schedule

Predictive Maintenance & Fluid Analysis

Run S·O·S oil sampling on every 250-hour engine oil change, whether the machine carries the 3406-family diesel (G/H) or the C13 ACERT (M-series) - both run heavy haul-road duty cycles that load turbos and injectors hard. Sample transmission, differential/final drive, tandem case, and hydraulic tank oil at each drain to catch planetary gear and circle-drive wear before it reaches the moldboard. Track coolant condition and corrosion inhibitor level, and measure circle and drawbar wear-strip clearance at every 250-hour interval - it's the earliest warning of blade-control looseness.

Corrective & Common Repairs

Circle and drawbar wear inserts take the brunt of constant blade-to-ground loading and need shimming or replacement well before other components on this grader. Watch for drawbar ball-and-socket play, worn moldboard cutting edges and end bits, and articulation-hitch pin wear on machines that spend their life turning tight haul-road corners. Tandem case oil leaks past planetary seals and steering-cylinder seal weeping are common on higher-hour G/H-series units; on M-series machines, check electro-hydraulic joystick calibration and VHP solenoid faults first when power feels inconsistent.

Overhaul & Rebuild Points

High-hour 3406-family and C13 ACERT engines both reach inframe-overhaul territory eventually - turbo, injectors, liners, and piston kits are the usual rebuild list once oil analysis trends turn. Tandem cases need planetary gear and sprocket/chain rebuilds at major overhaul intervals, and the circle gear and segment teeth wear enough on haul-road machines to justify a full circle rebuild or replacement. Drawbar center-shift wear plates and powershift transmission clutch packs are the other big-ticket items when this grader reaches its second or third life cycle.

Seasonal & Environment Servicing

Mining and haul-road sites push dust into air filters and hydraulic tank breathers faster than the standard interval assumes - shorten those checks in dry, dusty conditions. Cold-climate units need coolant freeze-point testing, block-heater checks, and cold-start aid inspection before winter; hot, dusty pits call for more frequent radiator and hydraulic-cooler core cleaning to keep the 3406-family or C13 engine from running hot under load. Standing water or mud sites wear articulation and drawbar grease out quicker than the 50-hour default, so bump circle/drawbar lubrication frequency accordingly.

16 fault codes & troubleshooting

CodeMeaningLikely causeWhat to do
0110-03/04Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor circuit voltage above normal (03) or below normal (04); ECM cannot read a valid coolant temperature signalOpen or shorted sensor wiring, corroded connector, or failed coolant temperature sensorInspect sensor connector and harness for damage or corrosion, check sensor resistance against spec, replace sensor if wiring tests good
E360Coolant Temperature High - condition-based warning that actual engine coolant temperature has exceeded the safe operating rangeLow coolant level, blocked or dirty radiator core, failed thermostat, weak water pump, or slipping fan driveIdle down and stop the machine, check coolant level and radiator core cleanliness once cooled, verify thermostat and fan operation before returning to work
0100-03/04Engine Oil Pressure Sensor circuit voltage above normal (03) or below normal (04); ECM cannot read a valid oil pressure signalDamaged sensor wiring, bad connector, or failed oil pressure sensorInspect sensor harness and connector, test sensor output, replace sensor if the circuit checks out good
0190-08Engine/Crankshaft Speed Sensor abnormal frequency, pulse width, or periodIncorrect sensor air gap, damaged timing or tone wheel, or a failing speed sensorCheck and reset sensor air gap to spec, inspect the tone wheel for damage, replace the sensor if the fault persists
0168-01Electrical System Voltage low, most severe level; system/battery voltage below normal operating rangeWeak or discharged batteries, loose or corroded battery cable, failing alternator or charging systemLoad-test batteries, check charging system output, inspect battery cables and ground connections
0041-03/048 Volt DC Sensor Supply circuit voltage above normal (03) or below normal (04); this is a shared reference supply feeding several engine sensorsShort to a higher voltage source, or short to ground on the 8V reference circuitDisconnect sensors fed by the 8V supply one at a time to isolate the shorted component, repair or replace as needed
0247-09Data Link (J1939) abnormal update rate; communication fault between the engine ECM and other machine controllersDamaged CAN wiring, missing or failed termination resistor, or a module not communicating on the data linkCheck data link wiring and termination resistance (about 60 ohms across the twisted pair), confirm all ECMs are powered and communicating
0102-03/04Boost/Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor circuit voltage above normal (03) or below normal (04)Damaged sensor harness, plugged or damaged sense line, or a failed boost pressure sensorInspect sensor wiring and sense line for damage or blockage, test the sensor, replace if faulty

Codes and remedies are general guidance for this model family — always confirm with diagnostic tooling and your dealer before major repairs.

16 attachments & work tools

Standard moldboard

Standard blade is 4.9 m (16 ft) wide, 25 mm (1 in) thick, with hydraulic side shift and tip. Side shift travel is roughly 740 mm left / 790 mm right (29.1 in / 31.1 in), max depth of cut is about 470 mm (18.5 in), and max lift above ground is about 400 mm (15.7 in). This blade size is standard across the current 16 and prior 16M/16M3 large-grader generation.

Cutting edges and end bits

Standard curved cutting edge is 203 x 25 mm (8 x 1 in) through-hardened DH-2 steel; an optional flat edge of about 254 x 35 mm (10 x 1-3/8 in) is offered. Serrated versions of both flat and curved edges are available, plus carbide-insert edges rated for up to roughly 20x the life of a standard edge in high-abrasion, low-impact ground.

Mining Bit System / GraderBit GET

For the large-frame 16-class graders, an upgraded Mining Bit System (heavier version of the standard GraderBit system) is offered, with multiple bit-tip designs and several serration patterns sized to pass 15-60 mm (0.6-2.4 in) of aggregate without packing.

Rear ripper/scarifier

Factory rear ripper mounts at the drawbar with 7 shank holders, adjustable spacing of about 445-508 mm (17.5-20 in), and max ripping depth near 452 mm (17.8 in). Rated penetration force is about 135 kN (30,300 lbf) and pry-out force about 194 kN (43,700 lbf); shank count/spacing and force ratings vary by configuration.

Mid-mount scarifier

A mid-mount straight scarifier is also offered as an alternative to the rear ripper, with variable shank spacing for tighter passes to loosen or condition hard material and mixed soils ahead of the moldboard.

Front blade / dozer blade

Straight front blade and hydraulic angle front blade (about 30 degrees hydraulic angle left or right) mount to the front frame/nose area for spreading, debris removal, and tight-corner grading. A U/V convertible blade variant is also offered, switching between straight, angle, U- and V-configurations via auxiliary hydraulics and an optional diverter valve; sizes are matched to the machine class rather than fixed for the 16 specifically.

Push block

A push block mounts to the nose plate and serves two roles on this class: counterweight to balance a mounted rear ripper, and a push point when the grader is used to assist other equipment.

Snow wing

Mast-type and mastless snow wings mount to the right side of the machine/moldboard for wide-path snow clearing beyond the standard blade. Mastless wings can bench drifted snow up to about a 40-degree slope; mast-type wings are used for deep, heavily drifted snow. Offered across the large-grader lineup that includes the 16.

Front-mounted broom

A front-mounted hydraulic broom attachment is offered for debris clearing on roads and intersections. Exact broom width/spec tied specifically to the 16 model is not documented in available sources; confirm sizing with dealer for this frame size.

Blade extensions

Bolt-on moldboard extensions widen the effective grading path and are marketed as raising per-pass productivity by up to about 20%. Offered generally across the Cat grader line, sized to the moldboard.

Drawbar-circle-moldboard mounting system

The moldboard is not attachment-coupler mounted; it rides on a factory drawbar-circle-moldboard (DCM) linkage with a 3-bolt blade bracket, six drawbar shoes with replaceable wear strips, and top-adjust circle wear strips. A circle-drive slip clutch protects the driveline from shock loads during grading and ripping.

Technology add-ons

Optional Cat Detect package (surround camera, smart object-detection camera, rear camera) and Cat Grade Connectivity/grade-control compatibility are offered as factory or dealer-installed technology options on this machine.

Guarding and mining-access options

Optional guarding includes rear fenders, front axle cylinder guards, and debris guards to protect components in haul-road and mining duty. Mining-oriented access options include grab handles, nonslip steps, tie-off points, and optional fall-protection platforms with dual access paths for service.

Factory trim/configuration variants

The current 16 line is offered in a mining/haul-road focused base configuration and a lower-spec '16 GC' (general construction) trim aimed at cost-sensitive road maintenance work; both use the Cat C13 engine. The 16 is positioned for haul trucks up to about 150 ton payload class or as a companion machine to a 24-size grader in larger fleets.

All 16 assemblies by section

Every catalogued assembly group for the Caterpillar 16. Open an assembly to preview the parts inside — full OEM part numbers are available in Heavy Parts AI.

Attachments
8d1735 Air Conditioner Arrangement--Factory Installation
0S***91Screw,Cap,Hexagon Bearing Retainer; Part Of Kit P/N 1w***8220
1P***22Air Conditioner Group1
1P***23Console Group-Control1
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2p3154 Air Conditioner Arrangement--Field Installation
1P***22Air Conditioner Group1
1P***23Console Group-Control1
1P***24Return Air Console Group1
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1p3322 Air Conditioner Group--Part 2 Of 3
1p3322 Air Conditioner Group--Part 3 Of 3
1p3322 Air Conditioner Group--Part 1 Of 3
8d2280 Air Conditioner Wiring Group
1P***76Relay As; (Air Cond.)1
1P***77Terminal-- To Compressor2
1P***78Body --To Compressor2
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2s1032 Alternator Arrangement--12 Volt, 55 Ampere
1s2585 Alternator Assembly--12 Volt, 55 Ampere--Type 1
1s2584 Alternator Assembly--24 Volt, 45 Ampere Type 1
1s2584 Alternator Assembly--24 Volt, 45 Ampere--Type 2
1s2585 Alternator Assembly--12 Volt, 55 Ampere--Type 2
9m6517 Alternator Group--12 Volt, 55 Ampere
9m4180 Alternator Group--24 Volt, 45 Ampere
9m6517 Alternator Group--12 Volt, 55 Ampere--Type 2
5j940 Auxiliary Control Valve Group
4d9000 Battery And Wiring Group--24 Volt--Part 3 Of 3
4d9000 Battery And Wiring Group--24 Volt--Part 1 Of 3
4d9000 Battery And Wiring Group--24 Volt--Part 2 Of 3
4d8990 Battery And Wiring System--12 Volt--As Viewed From R.H. Side Of Machine--Part 1 Of 3
4d8990 Battery And Wiring System--12 Volt--As Viewed From R.H. Side Of Machine--Part 2 Of 3
4d8990 Battery And Wiring System--12 Volt--Enlarged View Of Instrument Panel--Part 3 Of 3
5d3595 Blade Extension Group--R.H.--2 Foot
5D***95Blade Extension Group--R.H., L.H.1
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5d1170 Blade Group--15 Foot
5d1110 Blade Group--16 Foot
8d9840 Brake Control Group--Field Installation--Part 2 Of 2
8d9840 Brake Control Group--Field Installation--Part 1 Of 2
Cab Arrangements
5D***00Cab Group1
5D***60Cab Arrangements1
5D***90Cab Door, Rear Window And Panel Group1
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5d2890 Cab Door, Rear Window And Panel Group
5D***90Cab Door, Rear Window And Panel Group1
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5d2880 Cab Door, Rear Window And Panel Group
5D***80Cab Door, Rear Window And Panel Group1
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8d2290 Cab Group
5d2800 Cab Group
5d780 Cab Heater Group--24 Volt
4d9700 Cab Heater Group--12 Volt
2p3232 Camshaft Cover Group
7d9960 Companion Seat Group
5d2130 Companion Seat Group
1p2780 Refrigerant Compressor Group
1p3323 Control Console Group
2s3025 Protection Cover Group--Oil Filler Cap
2S***25Cover Group-Protection; Protection Cover Group1
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5d1910 Protection Cover Group--Hydraulic Tank Cap
5D***10Cover Group-Protection; Protection Cover Group Hydraulic Tank Cap1
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6d1824 Cutting Edge Groups--Flat--.75" Thick
3F***08Bolt-Plow; (5/8-11x2.25-In)6
4F***56Bolt-Plow; (5/8-11x2.5-In)34
5J***66Cutting Edge 8 Foot2
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6d1818 Cutting Edge Groups--Curved--.75" Thick
4F***56Bolt-Plow; (5/8-11x2.5-In)30
5D***32Cutting Edge L.H. 8 Foot2
6D***18Cutting Edge Groups1
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6d1822 Cutting Edge Groups--Curved--.75" Thick
4F***56Bolt-Plow; (5/8-11x2.5-In)26
5D***59Cutting Edge-- 2.1336 M (7 Foot)2
6D***22Cutting Edge Groups1
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6d2765 Cutting Edge Groups--Flat--.75" Thick
3F***08Bolt-Plow; (5/8-11x2.25-In)6
4F***56Bolt-Plow; (5/8-11x2.5-In)32
5J***66Cutting Edge 8 Foot1
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6d1817 Cutting Edge Groups--Curved--.75" Thick
4F***56Bolt-Plow; (5/8-11x2.5-In)28
5D***59Cutting Edge-- 2.1336 M (7 Foot)1
5D***32Cutting Edge L.H. 8 Foot1
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6d1823 Cutting Edge Groups--Flat--.75" Thick
4F***56Bolt-Plow; (5/8-11x2.5-In)30
5J***73Edge (84" Long)2
6D***23Cutting Edge Groups1
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Cylinder Head Assembly
4d3810 Defroster Fan Group--24 Volt--Type 1
4d3820 Defroster Fan Group--12 Volt
4d3810 Defroster Fan Group--24 Volt--Type 2
1s780 Direct Electric Starting Arrangement--24 Volt--Factory Installation
1A***29Bolt (1-1/8") Tube Assembly To Transfer Drive Case2
1B***02Key-- Adapter To Compression Release Shaft1
1M***22Pump Group-Fuel Priming1
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9f740 Discharger
5d2687 Door Assembly--R.H.--Type 1
5d2897 Door Assembly--R.H.--Type 2
5d2897 Door Assembly--R.H.--Type 1
5d2687 Door Assembly--R.H.--Type 2
5d1050 Ether Starting Aid Group
2p6081 Fan Drive Group--Type 1
2p6081 Fan Drive Group--Type 2
2m856 Flood Lamp Assembly--12 Volt
Flywheel
5d2560 Front Flood Lamp Group--24 Volt
5d2550 Front Flood Lamp Group--12 Volt
5m6488 Fuel Transfer Pump Group
4m308 Glow Plug And Wiring Group--24 Volt
8f9866 Grease Gun--Type 1
8f9866 Grease Gun--Type 2
5d2470 Head Lamp Group--24 Volt
5d2460 Head Lamp Group--12 Volt
8d2295 Heater And Air Conditioner Lines Group
8D***95Heater And Air Conditioner Lines Group1
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5d3215 Hood Side Door Group
4d9695 Hot Water Heater--12 Volt--Type 2
4d9695 Hot Water Heater--12 Volt
5d779 Hot Water Heater--24 Volt--Type 2
5d779 Hot Water Heater--24 Volt
5j156 Cylinder Group--5.5" Bore X 19" Stroke--2 Required--Type 3
5J***56Hydraulic Cylinder Group; Cylinder Group1
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5j156 Cylinder Group--5.5" X 19"--2 Groups Required--Type 1
5J***56Hydraulic Cylinder Group; Cylinder Group1
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5j156 Cylinder Group--5.5" X 19"--2 Required--Type 2
5J***56Hydraulic Cylinder Group; Cylinder Group1
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5k9396 Hydraulic Lines Group--As Viewed From Front Right Hand Side Of Machine--Replaces 5k702
5k9396 Hydraulic Lines Group--Type 2
5k702 Hydraulic Lines Group
7m7147 Combination Stop And Tail Lamp Assembly--24 Volt
1m3387 Dash Lamp Assembly--24 Volt
2m855 Head Lamp Assembly--12 Volt
1m6052 Head Lamp Assembly--24 Volt
1m1882 Flood Lamp Assembly--24 Volt
2m1464 Motor Assembly--24 Volt--Part 1 Of 2--Type 2
2m1464 Motor Assembly--24 Volt--Part 1 Of 2
2m1464 Motor Assembly--24 Volt--Part 2 Of 2
2m1464 Motor Assembly--24 Volt--Part 2 Of 2--Type 2
2p3153 Mounting Modifications Group--Part 2 Of 3
2P***53Mounting Modifications Group; Air Conditioning Mounting Modifications Group1
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2p3153 Mounting Modifications Group--Part 1 Of 3
2P***53Mounting Modifications Group; Air Conditioning Mounting Modifications Group1
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2p3153 Mounting Modifications Group--Part 3 Of 3
2P***53Mounting Modifications Group; Air Conditioning Mounting Modifications Group1
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8s6852 Muffler Group
Name Plates, Transfers And Tool
1S***87Plate (Starting Instruction)1
1S***49Transfer Cat2
1S***12Plate; Transportation Notice Below Cab Door Sil Near L.H. Side Of Platform Support1
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5k444 No. 16 Ripper-Scarifier Arrangement
1S***80Film1
5D***10Ripper Lines Group1
5J***56Hydraulic Cylinder Group; Cylinder Group2
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5d3650 Odometer Group--Miles--16.00 X 24 Tires
1p2196 Oil Cooler Inlet Valve Group--Field Installation--Type 1
1p2196 Oil Cooler Inlet Valve Group--Field Installation--Type 2
1p621 Oil Cooler Inlet Valve Group
8d9900 Parking Brake Arrangement--Field Installation
8D***40Brake Control Group1
8D***60Parking Brake Group1
8D***00Parking Brake Arrangement1
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8d9860 Parking Brake Group--Field Installation
5j1390 Power Control Valve Group
1m7022 Fuel Priming Pump Group
1s4153 Rain Cap Group--Starting Engine
5d2580 Rear Flood Lamp Group--24 Volt
5d2570 Rear Flood Lamp Group--12 Volt
5d2840 Rear Window Group
5d2850 Rear Window Group
2p5670 Refrigerant Compressor Arrangement--Type 2
1P***06Tube Assembly-- Oil Filler1
2P***11Refrigerant Compressor Group1
2P***70Refrigerant Compressor Arrangement1
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2p5670 Refrigerant Compressor Arrangement--Type 1
1P***06Tube Assembly-- Oil Filler1
2P***11Refrigerant Compressor Group1
2P***70Refrigerant Compressor Arrangement1
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2p5611 Refrigerant Compressor Group
1p3324 Return Air Console Group
5k445 Ripper-Scarifier Group--Type 1
5K***45Ripper Ar-Basic; Ripper--Scarifier Group1
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5k445 Ripper-Scarifier Group--Type 2
5K***45Ripper Ar-Basic; Ripper--Scarifier Group1
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5d2540 Ripper Control Group
5d3610 Ripper Lines Group
5k446 Ripper Mounting Group
5k447 Ripper Tooth Group
5k448 Scarifier Tooth Group
7d4370 Seat And Floor Mat Group
9k682 Shaft And Link Assembly
5d7660 Snowplow And Bulldozer Hydraulic Control Group--Part 1 Of 2
5D***60Snowplow And Bulldozer Hydraulic Control Group1
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5d7660 Snowplow And Bulldozer Hydraulic Control Group--Part 2 Of 2
5D***60Snowplow And Bulldozer Hydraulic Control Group1
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1m7039 Electric Starter Group--24 Volt
1M***39Starter Group-Electric; Electric Starter Group1
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4m1812 Solenoid Switch Assembly
4s6853 Tool Group
7d5749 Valve Group
4j1887 Valve Group--Four Position
2p2859 Oil Cooler Inlet Valve Group
2P***59Valve Group-Cooler Inlet; -Transmission Oil Cooler Inlet1
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2p6126 Water Lines Group
5d2900 Windshield And Front Panel Group--Type 1
5D***00Windshield And Front Panel Group1
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5d2910 Windshield And Front Panel Group
5D***10Windshield And Front Panel Group1
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5d2900 Windshield And Front Panel Group--Type 2
5D***00Windshield And Front Panel Group1
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5d9000 Windshield And Front Panel Group
5D***00Windshield And Front Panel Group1
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5d2585 Wiper Assembly--12 Volt
5d2586 Wiper Assembly--24 Volt
5d3080 Windshield Wiper Group--24 Volt--Type 3
5d3070 Windshield Wiper Group--12 Volt--Type 2
5d3080 Windshield Wiper Group--24 Volt
5d3080 Windshield Wiper Group--24 Volt--Type 2
8d1452 Windshield Wiper Group--24 Volt
5d3070 Windshield Wiper Group--12 Volt--Type 1
8d1451 Wiper Group--Basic--12 Volt
Wiring Diagram--24 Volt System
Wiring Diagram--12 Volt System
Diesel Engine
Air Cleaner (5d910 N/S)--Dry Type
Air Cleaner--Dry Type
7m914 Air Filter Service Indicator Group
7M***14Air Filter Service Indicator Group1
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Belt Tightener (4m4647 N/S)
Belt Tightener (2s8021 N/S)
Blower Fan And Guard
Breather
Camshaft
Camshaft (4m298 N/S)
Camshaft Drive
Camshaft Drive (8m7138 N/S)
Connecting Rod And Piston--6 Required
Crankshaft
Crankshaft Bearing Replacement
Crankshaft Bearing Replacement Groups
Cylinder Block And Covers--End View--Part 2 Of 2
Cylinder Block And Covers--Side View--Part 1 Of 2
2s1803 Cylinder Block Assembly
Cylinder Head And Valve Mechanism--Side View--Part 1 Of 2
Cylinder Head And Valve Mechanism--End View--Part 2 Of 2
Drive Pulley And Damper (9m7215 N/S)
Engine Support (9m7793 N/S)
Fan Drive
Fan Drive (9m8559 N/S)
9m3223 Oil Filter Group
9M***23Filter Group-Engine Oil; Oil Filter Group1
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8h7204 Fuel Filter Group
Flywheel
Fuel Filter
2s2882 Fuel Filter Group
Fuel Injection Pump Drive
Fuel Injection Pump Drive (1s4725 N/S)
Fuel Injection Valves And Lines
4d9890 Fuel Lines Group
Fuel Pump Housing (5l8926 N/S)
4d8800 Fuel Tank Group
6d330 Fuel Tank Group--110 U.S. Gallons--Rapid Filling
5m6488 Fuel Transfer Pump Group
Gasket Kits
3S***36Valve Grinding0
3S***69Diesel Engine Complete0
4S***11Tandem Drive Housing0
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Gauges
Governor Control--Rear View Part 1 Of 2
Governor Control--Right Hand Side View Part 2 Of 2
Governor Control--R.H. Side View Part 2 Of 2
9m7768 Governor Group--Part 1 Of 3
9m7768 Governor Group--Part 2 Of 3
9m7768 Governor Group--Part 3 Of 3
Idler Gear (1s635 N/S)
Manifolds (9m7771 N/S)
Oil Cooler
9m3202 Oil Filter Base Assembly
Oil Lines
9m8517 Oil Pump Assembly
Oil Pump Drive
Primary Fuel Filter And Lines
5d1920 Protection Cover Group--Fuel Tank Cap
5D***20Protection Cover Group-Fuel Tank Cap; Protection Cover Group1
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Radiator--Side View
Radiator Guard And Support
Rear Power Take-Off Drive
4s9643 Replacement Crankshaft Gear Group
4S***43Replacement Crankshaft Gear Group1
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9m8539 Service Meter Group
2s1334 Torque Spring Group
9m8734 Turbocharger Assembly
Water Lines
Water Lines (9m7770 N/S)
2r231 Water Lines Group
Water Pump (9m7776 N/S)
Water Pump
Starting System
9m4180 Alternator Group--24 Volt, 45 Ampere
4d9000 Battery And Wiring Group--24 Volt--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 2 Of 3
4d9000 Battery And Wiring Group--24 Volt--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 1 Of 3
4d9000 Battery And Wiring Group--24 Volt--Enlarged View Of Instrument Panel--Part 3 Of 3
Battery And Wiring System--12 Volt--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 1 Of 3
Battery And Wiring System--12 Volt--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 2 Of 3
Battery And Wiring System--12 Volt--Enlarged View Of Instrument Panel--Part 3 Of 3
Camshaft And Governor
9m3171 Carburetor Assembly
9m4663 Clutch Group
Connecting Rod And Piston--2 Required
Crankshaft
Cylinder Block, Cylinder Head And Valve Mechanism--Part 2 Of 2
Cylinder Block, Cylinder Head And Valve Mechanism--Part 1 Of 2
2m6646 Dash Lamp Assembly--12 Volt
7m7793 Electric Starter Group--12 Volt
1s721 Engine Mounted Control Group
4d8830 Fuel System Group
Generator (9m7779 N/S)--12 Volt, 40 Ampere
1m6058 Generator Assembly--12 Volt, 40 Ampere
1s3402 Hand Crank Group
9h6203 Ignition System Group
1s3350 Magneto Assembly
8m9145 Magneto Assembly
3s2987 Magneto Assembly
1s3264 Manifold, Carburetor And Air Cleaner Group--Type 1
1S***64Manifold, Carburetor And Air Cleaner Group1
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1s3264 Manifold, Carburetor And Air Cleaner Group--Type 2
1S***64Manifold, Carburetor And Air Cleaner Group1
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1s9909 Oil Lines Group
9m1713 Oil Pump Assembly
2m8965 Regulator Assembly--12 Volt, 40 Ampere
8m614 Starter Pinion Group
Starting Engine Controls (4d8970 N/S)--R.H. Side View--Part 2 Of 2
Starting Engine Controls (4d8970 N/S)--Top View--Part 1 Of 2
3d7674 Stop And Tail Lamp Assembly--12 Volt
Support (2r234 N/S)
7h7290 Disconnect Switch Assembly
Wiring Diagram--24 Volt
Wiring Diagram--12 Volt System
Transmission And Grader
7d1020 Accelerator-Decelerator Bearing Group
7D***20Accelerator-Decelerator Bearing Group1
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7m8392 Accumulator Body Group
4j6640 Accumulator Charging Valve Group
4J***40Accumulator Charging Valve Group1
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4j3604 Accumulator Group
Adjustable Seat (4d9310 N/S)
6d7140 Bevel Gear And Pinion Group--Field Installation
6d4174 Bevel Gear And Pinion Group--Field Installation
Blade Bracket And Guard
4d9880 Blade Group--14 Foot
Blade Lift--Part 2 Of 2
Blade Lift--Part 1 Of 2
4j3526 Blade Shift Cylinder Group--5.50" Bore X 56.75" Stroke
4j4608 Blade Side Shift Control Valve Group
4J***08Blade Side Shift Control Valve Group1
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4d8746 Parking Brake Assembly
Brake Control--Side View--Part 2 Of 2
Brake Control--Top View--Part 1 Of 2
4j3306 Brake Valve Group
6d6514 Centering Spring Group--Field Installation
Centershift--Front View Part 1 Of 2
Centershift--Sectional Views Part 2 Of 2
Circle--Part 1 Of 2
Circle--Part 2 Of 2
Circle Reversing Mechanism
2s603 Pressure Control Group
4d7850 Control Valve Assembly--Type 1
4d7850 Control Valve Assembly--Type 2
Dipstick And Filler (5d3090 N/S)
4d8647 Drive Shaft Assembly
Final Drive
Final Drive Case And Covers
Frame--Front Half Part 1 Of 2
Frame--Rear Half Part 2 Of 2
Frame Lines And Valves--Side View--Part 3 Of 3
Frame Lines And Valves--Top View--Part 2 Of 3
Frame Lines And Valves--Top View--Part 1 Of 3
Front Axle--Sectional View Part 2 Of 2
Front Axle--Top View Part 1 Of 2
4d7600 Front Wheel And Tire Group--16.00 X 24 Tubeless Tires
1s122 Governor Group
2s500 Governor Group
Hood
5j1847 Hydraulic Pump Assembly
4j4916 Hydraulic Pump Assembly
Hydraulic Steering Gear--Side View Part 2 Of 2
Hydraulic Steering Gear--Top View Part 1 Of 2
4j9966 Hydraulic Swivel Joint Group
Hydraulic Torque Converter (1t608 N/S)
Input And Output Drive Shafts
5j2109 Kickout Valve Group
2s1485 Lubrication Relief Valve Group
2s3534 Manual Modulating Valve Group
2s600 Manual Modulation Valve Group
9m8286 Oil Pump Group
9m6849 Override Selector Valve Group
Parking Brake
Parking Brake Control--Side View
5j289 Pilot Valve Group
Planetary Transmission--Part 1 Of 2
Planetary Transmission--Part 2 Of 2
Power Control--As Viewed From Operator'S Seat, Looking Forward--Part 1 Of 4
Power Control--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 2 Of 4
Power Control--As Viewed From Right Hand Side Of Machine--Part 3 Of 4
Power Control--Bottom View Of Lower Portion--Part 4 Of 4
6d2462 Power Control Brake Disc Group--Field Installation
Power Control Drive Shaft
Power Control Output Shafts
6d1503 Power Control Piston Seal Group
6D***03Power Control Piston Seal Group1
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5j4253 Power Control Valve Group--R.H.--Part 1 Of 2
5j4254 Power Control Valve Group--L.H.--Part 1 Of 2
5j4253 Power Control Valve Group--R.H.--Part 2 Of 2
5j4254 Power Control Valve Group--L.H.--Part 2 Of 2
9m8311 Pressure Control Valve Group
5d500 Push Block Group
9m8300 Range Transmission Arrangement
Rear Axle And Drive Sprocket (4d8000 N/S)
Rear Axle And Drive Sprocket
Rear Wheels And Tires--18.00 X 25 Tubeless Tires
4j5987 Relief Valve Group
6d2470 Return Brake Line Group--Field Installation
Safety Centering Valve--Part 1 Of 2
Safety Centering Valve--Part 2 Of 2
8m6334 Safety Reset And Converter Hold Valve Group
8M***34Safety Reset And Converter Hold Valve Group1
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9m8323 Scavenge Pump Group
Seat Frame And Platform--Top View--Part 1 Of 2
Seat Frame And Platform--Front View--Part 2 Of 2
2s7856 Selector Body Group
9m4351 Selector Valve Group
2s7855 Selector Valve Group
2g7250 Slip Joint Group
2g7240 Slip Joint Group
5j1931 Steering Cylinder Group--4.5" Bore X 10.5" Stroke
4d7215 Steering Gear Assembly
Tandem Drive Housing And Brakes--Part 2 Of 2
Tandem Drive Housing And Brake--Part 1 Of 2
Tandem Drive Housing And Brakes--Part 1 Of 2
Tank And Filter--Part 1 Of 2
Tank And Filter--Part 2 Of 2
Tank, Pump And Control Valve--Top View--Part 1 Of 2
Tank, Pump And Control Valve--End View Part 2 Of 2
4d9150 Tank, Pump And Control Valve Group--End View--As Viewed From Front Of Machine--Part 2 Of 2
Tank, Pump And Control Valve--Top View Part 1 Of 2
Tank, Pump And Control Valve--End View--Part 2 Of 2
Tank, Pump And Control Valve--As Viewed From Front Of Machine Part 2 Of 2
Three Speed Planetary Torque Divider And Converter (5m3000 N/S)
5M***00Three Speed Planetary Torque Divider And Converter1
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8m1070 Three Speed Planetary Torque Divider Group
8M***70Three Speed Planetary Torque Divider Group1
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Three Speed Torque Divider Hydraulic Control
9m6830 Throttle Pressure And Hold Valve Group
9M***30Throttle Pressure And Hold Valve Group1
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4j9997 Tip Cylinder Group--R.H.--4" Bore X 9.37" Stroke
4J***98Tip Cylinder Group--R.H.,Tip Cylinder Group--L.H.1
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Torque Converter Oil Cooler
9m6170 Torque Divider Arrangement
Transfer Gears--End View--Part 1 Of 2
Transfer Gears--Side View--Part 2 Of 2
Transmission Control--Side View--Part 1 Of 3
Transmission Control--Side View--Part 3 Of 3
Transmission Control--Rear View--Part 2 Of 3
9m8324 Transmission Filter Group
Transmission Hydraulic Control--End View--Part 2 Of 2
Transmission Hydraulic Control--Top View--Part 1 Of 2
Transmission Lines--Top View Part 1 Of 2
Transmission Lines--Side View - Part 2 Of 2
Transmission Pump And Drive
2s471 Universal Joint Assembly
4j1885 Valve Group--3 Position--Inboard
4j9814 Valve Group--3 Position--Inboard
4j1886 Valve Group--3 Position--Outboard
4j4599 Wheel Lean And Blade Tip Control Valve Group
4J***99Wheel Lean And Blade Tip Control Valve Group1
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4j3547 Wheel Lean Cylinder Group--4.75" Bore X 8.50" Stroke

16 serial number reference

The PIN/serial plate is riveted to the grader's main frame, typically on the right-hand front frame rail near the front axle and steering gear housing. If the plate is missing, the number is often stamped directly into the frame in the same area. Read the first three characters as the prefix, which pins down the model generation, configuration, and engine fitted; the digits after it are the sequential unit number within that prefix's production run.

PrefixIdentifies
49GOriginal Cat No. 16 motor grader (1963 launch)
93U16G motor grader
6ZJ16H motor grader, North America (16H NA) configuration
ATS16H motor grader, standard/export configuration
B9H16M motor grader, early production run
R9H16M motor grader, later production run
E9Y16M3 motor grader, early production run
N9Y16M3 motor grader, later production run

Frequently asked questions

What engine does the Caterpillar 16 motor grader use?

It depends on the series. The original 1963-era 16 ran a D343T six-cylinder diesel rated near 168 kW (225 hp). The 16G and 16H generations used a 3406-family turbocharged diesel, roughly 186-249 kW (250-334 hp) depending on year and configuration. The current 16M and 16M3 use the Cat C13 ACERT with the Variable Horsepower system, rated 216-259 kW (290-348 hp) net.

What is the operating weight of the Caterpillar 16 motor grader?

It varies by series and configuration. Early 1963-era machines weighed about 22,500 kg (49,600 lb). G- and H-series units run roughly 24,500-31,800 kg (54,000-70,100 lb) standard to maximum operating weight. The current 16M3 spans about 26,000 kg (57,450 lb) standard to 35,700 kg (78,640 lb) fully equipped, depending on ballast and attachments.

What replaced the Caterpillar 16 motor grader?

Nothing replaced it outright. The 16 has run as a continuous model line since 1963, updated through the 16G, 16H, 16M, and current 16M3. Cat's larger 24 motor grader sits above it for the biggest mine haul-road jobs, but it is a separate, larger-class machine rather than a direct successor.

What 16 owners discuss

What engine does a Caterpillar 16 motor grader run, and does it change across the years?
Yes. The "16" badge covers several distinct machines with different engines depending on generation. The original 1963-era No. 16 ran a D343T diesel rated around 168 kW (225 hp). The 16G switched to a mechanical Cat 3406, roughly 187 kW (250 hp). The 16H generation split by market: standard/export units got a 3196 ETA (198-213 kW / 265-285 hp), while North America-tuned units got a 3406C DITA (around 205 kW / 275 hp). The 16M and 16M3 moved to a Cat C13 ACERT VHP, base 221 kW (297 hp) rising to 233 kW (312 hp) in upper gears via Variable Horsepower Plus; some early 16M units left the factory filled with summer-weight oils that caused cold-start trouble in extreme cold (around -40 and below), so confirm winter-spec fluids on any 16M sourced from a warm climate. Current-production 16 (2021 on) keeps a C13 base but adds full Tier 4 Final/Stage V aftertreatment. Read the serial plate before ordering parts or fluids - engine, transmission and hydraulic specs differ enough between generations that documentation for one doesn't carry over to another.
Are there known transmission or powertrain problems on early 16M graders?
Early-build 16M units had a rough start. Owners running small fleets reported multiple transmission failures well under normal wear-out hours, traced to factory assembly errors - bolts in the flywheel and torsional coupler area not torqued to spec. Caterpillar issued a product improvement covering the transmission clutch pistons, the torsional coupler, and the flywheel where needed. A separate quirk some operators flagged: light blading downhill in 2nd or 3rd gear could trigger an unexpected upshift as high as 5th gear with no warning. It reportedly took Caterpillar several years of flashfile updates to settle the design down. If you're running or buying an early 16M, confirm the current flashfile is loaded and that the PIP work was completed - have your dealer verify the transmission and torsional coupler condition before returning the machine to service.
What electrical or sensor issues come up on 16-series graders?
On the more automated M-generation machines, the cross slope control system is the sensor most operators end up chasing. If the cross-slope sensor is disturbed - removed for service, bumped, or replaced - it needs to be recalibrated, or the blade will hunt for the wrong angle during grading. Some operators just disable cross slope control rather than troubleshoot a sensor that's drifted out of calibration mid-shift. If automated grade control looks erratic on one of these machines, check sensor mounting and wiring at the circle/blade area and recalibrate before assuming a hydraulic or mechanical fault.
What hydraulic wear item shows up most on these graders' wheel-lean and steering circuits?
Wheel-lean cylinders are a recognized wear point across the whole Cat grader lineup, 16-series included. Seal wear inside the cylinder bore causes internal leakage that bleeds off before an operator notices - hydraulic efficiency can drop noticeably before it's visually obvious. Left unchecked, contamination from a failing cylinder can spread into the rest of the circuit, including pumps and valves. Watch for a lean angle that drifts back toward center on its own, or a machine that needs the lean reset more often than it used to. A cylinder drift/bypass check is the standard diagnostic before blaming the control valve or pump.
What's the main structural wear pattern operators watch on the moldboard circle?
The circle-and-drawbar interface is the classic high-wear zone on any Cat motor grader, 16-series included. The circle itself is a durable forged casting, but it rides on sacrificial wear strips - composite or metallic - at the circle shoes and drawbar contact points, designed to wear instead of the circle or drawbar. Composite strips outlast metallic ones when running unlubricated and are now the standard fit on current-production Cat graders. Uneven wear here shows up as slop in circle rotation or blade chatter under load. Treat strip replacement as a routine service item, not a sign the machine is worn out.
Does the DEF/DPF system on the current Tier 4 "16" cause downtime?
Yes, this is a common complaint on Tier 4 Final Cat engines generally, and the current 16's C13 is no exception. Forced and passive regeneration cycles interrupt production, and operators running haul-road grading schedules flag it as a real productivity hit compared to earlier, non-emissions-controlled generations. Typical fault codes tied to this system flag DPF regen switch problems or DPF inlet temperature faults. Keep duty cycles long enough to let passive regen happen naturally and don't ignore early DPF warning lamps - letting the condition escalate to a forced regen or a derate costs more downtime than managing it proactively.
What should I check before buying a used Caterpillar 16?
Start with the serial plate on the frame near the front articulation hitch or center hinge - the prefix tells you which generation and engine you're actually buying. A mechanical-era machine is a completely different animal from an M-generation or current Tier 4 unit, so don't assume parts or fluid specs carry over. Beyond that, the checklist is the same as any large grader: look under the machine for hydraulic weeping at the circle drive housing, cylinders, and hose runs; rotate the circle and check for slop or uneven wear at the shoes and drawbar wear strips; check the moldboard cutting edge for cupping and confirm it hasn't worn far enough to gouge the moldboard itself; inspect the frame at the front articulation hitch and center hinge for cracks or fishplate repairs; cycle the wheel-lean function and watch for drift back toward center, a sign of worn lean-cylinder seals; and pull maintenance records to confirm PIP or recall work was completed on M-generation units. On any hydraulic or steering-circuit finding that looks marginal, have your dealer verify it before relying on the machine in service.

Compiled from owner and technician discussions across the industry — experiences vary by serial range and machine history.

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